\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage[letterpaper, margin=1in]{geometry}
\title{WIT 2002 \\ Round 7}
\author{Chicago-Philo Davidson, Selene Koo, Peter Onyisi, Matt Reece}

\begin{document}
\maketitle


%0/1 architecture; 1/1 astro + earth science; 1/1 math + CS; 1/1
%> philosophy; 0/1 econ; 1/1 pre-1492 history; 1/1 non-US history since 1945

Packet by Chicago (Philo Davidson, Selene Koo, Peter Onyisi, Matt Reece)
for Berkeley WIT X\\
\\{}
[History/Politics/Government]\\


The basic operations on them are named P and V for their Dutch abbreviations.  The
most familiar type is perhaps the ``mutual exclusion'' or ``mutex''
variety.  Monitors are among the objects that may be built from these basic
synchronization primitives.  Though starvation through is possible with the weaker POSIX
semantics, it cannot occur in the original version of Dijkstra that solved his
Dining Philosophers problem.  FTP, name these objects which can be ``raised'' and 
``lowered'' like the flags used in the archaic
communication method that gives them their name.\\
Answer: $\underline{\textrm{semaphores}}$\\
\\{}

Among the best known of their tribes were the Ekwesh, Sherden, and
Peleset.  They are believed to be attested in a letter to the Hittites
from the rulers of the city of Ugarit.  Because Ramses III undoubtely
exaggerated in his inscriptions celebrating their defeat,
the true extent of their migration
is unknown.  FTP, give the generic name for these tribes blamed for
widespread destruction in the Mediterranean world at the end of the Bronze
Age, so named
because some of them were from islands and coastal areas.\\
Answer: \underline{Sea Peoples}\\
\\{}
His philosophical opinion that space-time could not be
intrinsically flat or curved lead him to propose an alternative to the
general theory of relativity.  He argued that since all real objects have
finite extent, mathematical points are abstractions that do not exist
in the real world.  He also claimed that the basic metaphysical constituent of
the universe was the process of becoming in his \textit{Process and
Reality}.  FTP, name this coauthor of \textit{Principia
Mathematica} in collaboration with Bertrand Russell.\\
Answer: Alfred North $\underline{\textrm{Whitehead}}$\\{}

\\{}
He began his rise to political power as the Collector of the Port of
New York.  A prot\'eg\'e of senator Roscoe Conkling, he overstaffed the customs house with Conkling's supporters, and was fired during Hayes's reforms of the spoils system.  FTP, name this man who changed his tune in forcing the
passage of the Pendleton Act in 1883 after succeeding Garfield to become the
21st President.\\ Answer: Chester A. \underline{Arthur}\\
\\{}
He become prime minister after the 1978 resignation of B.~J.~Vorster, 
and under the constitutional reforms of 1983, became
his country's first president.  In 1982, his policies provoked the far
right wing of his National Party to break away in protest.  His
government repealed the pass laws and removed bans on interracial
marriage, but the new constitution created segregated parliametary
bodies for Indians and Coloreds and continued to deny the franchise to
Africans.  FTP, name this South African leader succeeded by de Klerk, who shares his last name with first South African prime minister Louis. \\
Answer: \underline{P}ieter Willem \underline{Botha} [BOH-tuh] \\
\\{}
This four-star general began his political career as a military aide
to Henry Kissinger in 1969.  After the  resignation of Nixon's top
aides during Watergate, he became Chief of Staff.  When Nixon
resigned, he began a five year stint as commander of NATO, returning
to politics as Reagan's secretary of state until his 1982 resignation over
differences in opinion on foreign policy.  FTP, name this man who
famously and erroneously claimed at a televised press conference
that he was ``in control'' on the day of the attempted assassination
of Ronald Reagan.\\
Answer: Alexander \underline{Haig}\\
\\{}
[Literature]\\
His Ph.D.\ thesis, on ``The State of Nature in 17th and 18th Century
English and French Political Philosophy," was followed by a major work
on ``Romanticism and Christianity." However, his academic career and
personal life collapsed. His wife Madeleine had an affair with his
friend Valentine, leading him to leave Hyde Park for New York, where
he writes letters to, among others, General Eisenhower,
Schr\"{o}dinger, and Nietzsche. FTP, who is this title character of a
1964 Saul Bellow novel?\\
Answer: Moses E. \underline{Herzog}\\
\\{}
The name's the same.  The title of a poem in which the speaker
describes herself as ``The dew that flies, / Suicidal, at one with the drive
/ Into the red / Eye.''  A poetry collection containing the poems ``A Song
for Simeon'' and ``The Journey of the Magi.''    The name of a spirit who is
released from captivity in a tree to perform magic for his new master.  FTP,
identify this name that describes a group of poems by T.S.
Eliot, a poem and posthumously published poetry collection by Sylvia Plath,
and Prospero's assistant in The Tempest, as well as the Little Mermaid.\\
Answer:  \underline{Ariel}\\
\\{}
His mother called him Sophia and dressed him in girl's clothing, but
he rebelled, changing his first name from Ren\'e to a more masculine name at
the age of 22.  He died in 1926 from leukemia hastened by pricking his
finger on a rose thorn.  During the course of his wanderings through
Europe, he wrote The Book of Hours and served as Rodin's secretary.
Known for ``object-poems'' that sought to make inanimate objects
come alive, for ten points, name this poet who wrote the poetry
cycles \textit{Sonnets to Orpheus} and the \textit{Duino Elegies}.\\
Answer:  Rainer Maria \underline{Rilke}\\
\\{}
[Fine Arts]\\
A smaller version of this painting is in London's Courtauld Institute.  The inspiration for over 200 works by Picasso, this painting was itself inspired by Marcantonio's copy of Raphael's lost ``The Judgment of Paris''' and Giorgione's ``Concert Champ\^etre.'' Originally titled ``Le Bain'' when it was first exhibited by the Salon des Refus\'es in 1863, the models of the central figures are believed to be the painter's brother-in-law, younger brother Eugene, and  Victorine Meurend.  For ten points, name this 1863 Manet painting.\\
Answer:  Le \underline{D\'ejeuner sur l'herbe} or \underline{Luncheon on 
the Grass} (accept equivalents)\\
\\{}
This opera required a relatively small orchestra of 38 instruments
and a chorus of less than 30, but lasted over four hours in its original
version, possibly because its composer never heard it performed by an
orchestra before its premiere at Weimar in 1850.  Dedicated to Franz Liszt,
the opera opens with the accusation that Elsa has murdered her brother
Godfrey.  Named for its hero, the son of Parsifal who acts as Elsa's champion after arriving in a swan-drawn boat, for ten points name this Wagner opera containing a famous Bridal Chorus.\\
Answer:  \underline{Lohengrin}\\
\\{}
[Humanities and Social Science]\\
They believe that the path to God, known as tarqah, is obstructed
by the ego.  They believe in 12 principles represented in the four-letter
acronym TSVF [``tasawouf''] , and trace their spiritual origins to the fourth caliph
Ali and Mohammed's spiritual advisors and disciples.  With a name that may
be derived from the coarse wool worn by its believers, for ten points,
name this belief that represents the ascetic and mystical movements
of Islam.\\
Answer:  \underline{Sufi}sm\\
\\{}
His older half-brother Titu Cusi usurped power from him from 1560 to
1571, but made him a priest in Vilcabamba. He later became ruler, and
on June 1, 1572, war with Spain broke out. Twenty-three days later,
Vilcabamba, the last free city of his kingdom, surrendered, and he
fled with his pregnant wife. He was caught and beheaded in Cuzco, and
his remains buried in a church constructed over an Incan monument to
the Sun. FTP, who was this last Inca ruler, who gave his name to a rebel group and a slain rapper?\\
Answer: \underline{Tupac Amaru}\\


In the 1830s, as a professor of physics at Leipzig, he began to
publish papers on perception of complementary colors and subjective
afterimages. He also studied just-noticeable-differences, and sought
to show unity of mind and body by measuring a correspondence in mental
intensity and bodily energy. FTP, name this founder of psychophysics, best known for the law that
the intensity of sensation is proportional to the logarithm of the
intensity of a stimulus, named for him and Weber.
Answer: Gustav Theodor \underline{Fechner}\\{}
\\{}
\\{}
This country's soccer team is now ranked 202nd out of 203 countries,
thanks to a June 2002 4-0 home victory over Montserrat.  At the conclusion
of that match, they watched the World Cup final on
television, which had been introduced to this isolated kingdom in June of
1999.  Ruled since 1907 by the Wangchuck dynasty, it is one of the world's 
poorest nations, and yet has a major problem with illegal Lhotshampas from Nepal.
FTP, name this country between India and China whose capital is Thimpu.

Answer: Kingdom of \underline{Bhutan}\\
\\{}
[Science]\\
In a ring of fixed radius R, it scales as one over the third power of
the beam particle mass and as the fourth power of the beam energy. It
is also inversely proportional to the square of the radius of the
ring. In hadron colliders like the Tevatron or the LHC, it is
insignificant; similarly, it could be neglected in a future circular
muon collider. However, for circular electron-positron colliders it is
significant and necessitates building linear colliders. FTP, what is
this energy lost by accelerating particles, which shares its name with 
the type of accelerator that produces it?\\
Answer: \underline{synchrotron} radiation\\
\\{}

At the end of this novel, the narrator must tell a woman of the death
of her fianc\'e. He has met a Russian follower of that fianc\'e, who tells
him, ``You don't talk with that man --- you listen." The man in question
is unquestionably charismatic; it is claimed that his true calling was
politics. This story of this novel, which provides an epigraph for T. S. Eliot's ``The
Hollow Men,'' is told on the cruising yawl \textit{The
Nellie}, bound down the Thames. FTP, what is this Joseph Conrad novel
in which Marlow seeks out Kurtz?\\
Answer: \underline{\textit{Heart of Darkness}}\\
\\{}

These regions are markedly asymmetric, in
Earth's case being up to a thousand times larger in one direction than
another.  Funnel-shaped polar cusp regions occur in the areas of
strongest radial field, and bow shocks are observed as supersonic plasma is
redirected around them.  Particles trapped in them emit radio signals; in
Earth's case, these particles are confined to the two Van Allen belts.  FTP,
name this region of space dominated by a planet's magnetic
field.\\
Answer: \underline{magnetosphere}\\
\\{}
These organisms develop from a single-celled spore into a
protonema, which differentiates into rhizoids and a stem containing
water-conducting cells known as hydroids.  The sporophyte grows as a seta
from the gametophyte, which is the dominant structure of this group of
plants.  For ten points, name this division of nonvascular land plants
that lack lignin and xylem and consist of hornworts, liverworts, and mosses.\\

Answer:  \underline{bryophytes} or \underline{Bryophyta} (accept 
\underline{moss} before it is mentioned)\\

His father, a blacksmith, named him after a Mexican revolutionary. He
went to Switzerland to avoid military service, and there attended
lectures by Vilfredo Pareto. He eventually became active in politics,
and edited socialist and nationalist newspapers such as \textit{Il Popolo d'Italia}, founded in Milan in 1914.
Hewas executed along with Clara Petacci, his mistress, near Lake
Como in 1945. FTP, who is this Italian fascist known as
``Il Duce"?\\

Answer: Benito \underline{Mussolini}\\
\\{}


\\{}
The six elements in this group of metals are used in the manufacture of 
catalytic converters for automobiles, as well as
resistance to high temperatures, resistance to other chemicals, and
stable electrical properties.  Lying in the 5th and 6th period of the periodic 
table, Iridium, osmium, rhodium, ruthenium and
palladium are five of its members, .  FTP, name the
group named for its sixth member, a whitish, tarnish-resistant metal
sometimes used in jewelry and usually worth slightly more than gold.\\
Answer: \underline{Platinum} Group Metals (PGMs)\\
\\{}
[Other stuff]\\{}
Examples of the event described by this phrase include the
introduction of Scrappy-Doo to Scooby-Doo, Colin Quinn joining the
cast of SNL, Michael J. Fox leaving Spin City, and the event the
phrase is named after, which came during a "very special" three-part
episode of Happy Days.  The phrase has since spawned an eponymous
website, book, and future game show.  FTP, give this phrase, which can
also be extended to describe any point in the career of a celebrity
from which things just went downhill, which names what Fonzie did while waterskiing over
a tank.\\
Answer: \underline{Jump the Shark} (accept word equivalents)\\
\\{}
His past known clients include the governments of Iraq, Syria, and
Egypt, but many more are suspected, possibly even including Israel.
His group specialized in bloody terrorist attacks on demand, and also
carried out attacks on Palestinian leaders suspected of pursuing peace
with Israel.  Among the most famous of his attacks was the 1982
shooting of the Israeli ambassador in London and a 1986 hijacking of an
Egyptian airliner which left 61 passengers dead.  FTP, name this famous
terrorist, found dead in Baghdad in August 2002, officially a suicide.\\
Answer: \underline{Abu Nidal} or Sabri \underline{al-Banna}\\
\\{}
According to Euripides, she successfully warded off the advances of
Theoclymenus, the king of Egypt, for seventeen years.  At the age of
ten, she was kidnapped and sent to the city of Aphidna to be cared for
by Aethra, the mother of her kidnapper.  She was the mother of Hermione,
daughter of Leda, and wife of three men including Deiphobos, FTP, 
name this mythical woman whose immortal beauty led to
kidnappings by both Theseus and Paris.\\
Answer:  \underline{Helen} of Troy\\
\\{}
Recabarren, the bar owner, watches as this man is killed on the plains. This
ends Borges' story ``The End," a retelling of the popular legend of
this man. The original version tells of the payada, a song contest,
between this man and ``el moreno." The black man reveals his identity
as the brother of a man once knifed by this character, but in the
original version, they do not fight. Borges tells of their knife fight
as it might have been. FTP, who is this hero of a poem by Jos\'{e}
Hern\'{a}ndez?\\
Answer: Mart\'{\i}n \underline{Fierro}\\
\\{}
BONI \\{} 
[History]\\{}
5-5-10-10, name the pre-Columbian civilization from a major site.\\{}
[5] Chich\'en Itz\'a\\{}
Answer: $\underline{\textrm{Maya}}$\\{}
[5] Tenochtitl\'an\\
Answer: $\underline{\textrm{Aztec}}$\\{}
[10] Tollan\\{}
Answer: $\underline{\textrm{Toltec}}$\\{}
[10] Uaxact\'un\\
Answer: $\underline{\textrm{Maya}}$\\{}
\\{}
Answer these questions about Persian history, FTPE.\\{}
[10] This empire arose out of an Azerbaijani Sunni Sufi order; they
     ruled Iran from the early 1500s until 1736. They doctored the
     records to show they were Shi'ite.\\
Answer: \underline{Safavid}\\{}
[10] This man assumed control of the Safavids in 1494 at age 7 and
     conquered all of Iran by 1512. He claimed, heretically, to be a
     representative of the Hidden Imam.\\
Answer: Shah \underline{Ismail}\\{}
[10] This Shah ruled from 1587 to 1629 and moved the capital to
     Isfahan. With the help of British mercenaries, he used artillery
     and regained land lost to the Ottomans.\\
Answer: \underline{Abbas I}\\
\\{}
Answer these questions about 19th century British politics, FTPE.\\{}
[10] He was a Whig MP who helped formulate a new penal code and
     educational reforms in India, but gave up politics to write a 5
     volume History of England.\\{}
Answer: Thomas Babington \underline{Macaulay}\\{}
[10] He organized the Conservative Party from the old Tories, and was
     prime minister from 1841 until he resigned in 1846 follwoing the repeal of the Corn Laws.
     He's also the source of a nickname for British policemen.\\
Answer: Sir Robert \underline{Peel} (``bobbies'')\\{}
[10] As Prime Minister in 1870, he helped pass the Education Act. A
     leader of the Liberal Party, he pushed the Ballot Act for secret
     voting, and supported Irish Home Rule.\\
Answer: William \underline{Gladstone}\\
\\{}
Name these minor wars in North American history, FTPE.\\{}
[10] It saw the invasion of Florida by
Britain because of the alleged mistreatment of English seamen by the Spaniards, and takes its
name for an object shown in the House of Commons in 1738.\\
Answer: The War of \underline{Jenkins' Ear}\\{}
[10] This early war was declared by President Thomas Jefferson to limit the
amount of tribute that the United States had to pay to avoid raids by
pirates.  Though America was victorious, they were not able to achieve
freedom from piracy until a decade later.\\
Answer: The \underline{Tripolitan} or \underline {First Barbary} War\\{}
[10] This 1839 war between Maine and New Brunswick luckily never saw a
shot fired.  Troops were dispatched, but both Britain and the United
States quickly agreed to compromise when they realized the border
dispute was over a pointless piece of land.\\
Answer: The \underline{Aroostook} War\\
\\{}
FTPE, identify the following about Asian Communist rebel movements.\\{}
[10] Its political wing was the Communist Party of Kampuchea.  Their regime
was toppled in 1979 by the Vietnamese, but they kept fighting from the jungles 
under Pol Pot for two more decades.\\
Answe r: $\underline{\textrm{Khmer Rouge}}$\\{}
[10] This group fought against a U.S.-backed regime during the Laotian 
civil war in the sixties and early seventies and took control of the country
in 1975.\\
Answer: $\underline{\textrm{Pathet Lao}}$\\{}
[10] The Communist Hukbalahap group formed this country's resistance against the 
World War II Japanese occupation, and rebelled
after independence when their elected representatives to Congress were
unseated by the Liberal Party.\\
Answer: The \underline{Philippines}\\
\\{}
Name these appointees of the Carter administration FTPE.\\{}
[10] Carter appointed this man Chairman of the Federal Reserve in
1979.  He successfully combated inflation and served until the
appointment of Alan Greenspan. In 2002, he was hired
to clean up Arthur Andersen.\\
Answer: Paul \underline{Volcker}\\{}
[10] He was appointed Secretary of State by Jimmy Carter in 1980, the
last office he held in his political career.  Before that, he had
served as the senator from Maine, and lost the 1972 Democratic
nomination for President after apparently weeping while defending his
wife.\\
Answer: Edmund \underline{Muskie}\\{}
[10] As Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and later of Health,
Education and Welfare, she became the first African-American woman to
hold a cabinet position, a decade after she went to Luxembourg as 
the first female African-American ambassador.\\
Answer: Patricia Roberts \underline{Harris}\\
\\{}
[Literature]\\{}
Identify 19th century U.S. poems from quotes, FTPE, or from author, for five.\\{}
[10] ``This is the ship of pearl, which, poets feign,/Sails the
     unshadowed main, ---/ The venturous bark that flings/ On the sweet
     summer wind its purpled wings"\\{}
[5] Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.\\
Answer: \underline{``The Chambered Nautilus"}\\{}
[10] ``My golden spurs now bring to me,/And bring to me my richest
     mail,/For to-morrow I go over land and sea/In search of the Holy
     Grail"\\{}
[5] James Russell Lowell\\
Answer: \underline{``The Vision of Sir Launfal"}\\{}
[10] ``The sun that brief December day/Rose cheerless over hills of
     gray,/And, darkly circled, gave at noon/A sadder light than
     waning moon."\\{}
[5] John Greenleaf Whittier\\
Answer: \underline{``Snowbound"}\\
\\{}

Name the following about an English author for 10 points each.
.\\{}
[10] This essay deals with its author's role in Burma, his distaste for
     colonialism, and an event he claims to have participated in
     ``solely to avoid looking a fool," although he pretended it was because 
     the slain beast killed a ``coolie.''\\{}
Answer: \underline{``Shooting an Elephant"}\\{}

[10] Which man, born Eric Arthur Blair and best known for two anti-totalitarian 
     novels wrote ``Shooting an Elephant'' as well as \textit{Down and Out in Paris 
     and London}?
Answer: George \underline{Orwell}

[10] This humorous Orwell essay argues that just as social deterioration can
     degrade a language, so a degraded language can damage society. It
     advocates clear thinking and clear speech.\\{}
Answer: \underline{``Politics and the English Language"}\\{}

Name these classics of Chinese literature, FTPE.\\{}
[10] Luo Guanzhong (GWAN-JONG) is said to have written the modern
     version in the Ming era; it tells of the chaotic period following the
     fall of the Han dynasty.\\
Answer: Romance of The \underline{Three Kingdoms} or \underline{San
Guo} Yan Yi\\{}
[10] It is the story of the love of the nobleman Jia Bao-yu and the
     commoner Lin Dai-yu. It was begun during the Qing (CHING) dynasty
     by Cao Xueqin (COW SHWUH-CHEEN) and completed by Gao E (GOW UH).\\
Answer: Dream of the \underline{Red Chamber} or \underline{Story of
the Stone} or \underline{Hong Lou Meng}\\{}
[10] During the Song dynasty, over a hundred men and women oppressed by the
government flee to Liangshanbo, where, as this novel recounts, they band 
together and fight back in a fraternal manner.\\
Answer: The \underline{Water Margin} or \underline{Outlaws of the
Marsh} or \underline{All Men Are Brothers} or \underline{Shui Hu
Zhuan} (SHWAY HU JWEN)\\
\\{}

%REPEAT
%Identify the following about an American author, for the stated
%number of points.\\{}
%[5]     Name this scriptwriter and novelist who created such characters as
%Lemuel Pitkin and Miss Lonelyhearts.\\
%         Answer:  Nathanael \underline{West} (accept Nathan \underline{Weinstein})\\{}
%[10]    Identify the Nathanael West novel about the Hollywood dream gone
%wrong, which contains the characters Tod Hackett and Homer Simpson.\\
%         Answer:  The \underline{Day of the Locust}\\{}
%[15]    Name West's first novel, which describes the title character's
%bizarre journey through the bowels of the Trojan Horse.\\
%         Answer:  The \underline{Dream Life of Balso Snell}\\
%\\{}

Identify the following about the idea of the superfluous man in
nineteenth century Russian literature, FTPE.\\{}
[10] The term ``superfluous man,'' used to describe an aristocratic character
who is unable to act effectively, was first popularized by this author, who
wrote the short story ``The Diary of a Superfluous Man'' as well as a novel
about generational conflict and nihilism.\\
Answer:  Ivan \underline{Turgenev}\\{}
[10]    This hero of an 1859 Ivan Goncharov novel is a nobleman who does
nothing all day except eat and sleep, allowing his estate to go to ruin.\\
Answer:  \underline{Oblomov}\\{}
[10]     This epileptic hero of a Dostoevsky novel visits the Yepanchin
family, where his extreme kindness is perceived as a sign of stupidity.\\
Answer:  The \underline{Idiot} or Prince \underline{Myshkin}\\
\\{}
[Fine Arts]\\{}
Identify the following about ancient Greek sculptors for the stated
number of points.\\{}
         [10]    He was the artistic director for the construction of the
Parthenon and built a statue of Zeus that was considered one of the
seven wonders of the ancient world.\\
         Answer:  \underline{Phidias}\\{}
         [10]    The prostitute Phryn\^e was the model for many of his
sculptures of the female body, including the Aphrodite of Cnidus.\\
         Answer:  \underline{Praxiteles}\\{}
         [10]   Pliny credits the otherwise unknown Rhodian sculptors Agesander, Athenodorus, and Polydorus as the creators of this work that depicts a priest of Apollo
and his sons being crushed by sea serpents.
         Answer: \underline{Laoco\"on} or the \underline{Laoco\"on} group\\

%\\{}
%this is really dull and hackneyed. rewrite it
NOTE to moderator: don't give answers until end of question.\\ 
FTPE, identify the following Finnish architects from works.\\{} 
[10] The Helsinki central railway station\\ 
Answer: $\underline{\textrm{Eliel Saarinen}}$\\{} 
[10] The Finnish Pavilion at the 1938-9 New York World's Fair, Essen 
Opera House, and the Baker House dormitory at MIT\\ 
Answer: Alvar $\underline{\textrm{Aalto}}$\\{} 
[10] Gateway Arch and the main terminal of Dulles Airport\\ 
Answer: $\underline{\textrm{Eero Saarinen}}$ \\{}
\\{} 
[Humanities and Social Science]\\{}
%asked jon to write a new 1st part
Answer these questions about early social science in America, FTPE.\\{}
[10] He viewed the city as a social laboratory.  He chaired the first
     U.S. sociology department and also
     founded the American Journal of Sociology.\\
Answer: Albion \underline{Small}\\{}
[10] He argued that mind arises from social communication and cannot
     be examined outside this context. His lectures were collected in
     volumes like \textit{Mind, Self, and Society}.\\
Answer: George Herbert \underline{Mead}\\{}
[10] He studied head shapes of immigrant children to attack racist
     anthropological theories. His most influential work was
     \textit{The Mind of Primitive Man}.\\
Answer: Franz \underline{Boas}\\
\\{}
Name the three items made by the dwarves Sindri and Brokk in a
wager for Loki's head from a description FTPE.\\{}
[10]     Thor's hammer, that never misses its target and always returns to
his hand.\\
Answer:  \underline{Mjollnir}\\{}
[10]    The golden ring that was given to Odin. Every ninth night, eight rings
of the same weight drop from it.\\
Answer:  \underline{Draupnir}\\{}
[15]    The boar with golden bristles given to Frey.\\
Answer:  \underline{Gullinbrusti}\\
\\{}
Answer these microeconomics questions FTPE.\\{}
[10] This is the set of combinations of quantities of two goods that provide
equal utility to a purchaser.\\
Answer: $\underline{\textrm{indifference curve}}$\\{}
[10] Named for the man who developed the indifference curve, this graph
plots two purchasers' indifference curves together to determine if trade
in a fixed total amount of goods can improve their situations.\\
Answer: $\underline{\textrm{Edgeworth box}}$\\{}
[10] This condition occurs when the indifference curves of two individuals
in an Edgeworth box are tangent.  When this occurs one person's gain is 
invariably someone else's loss.\\
Answer: $\underline{\textrm{Pareto optimality}}$\\{}
\\{} 
FTPE, name the three Canadian provinces with capitals that are not on the
Canadian mainland. Hint: Nunavut is a territory, not a province. \\
Answers: $\underline{\textrm{British Columbia}}$,
$\underline{\textrm{Newfoundland}}$,
$\underline{\textrm{P}}$rince $\underline{\textrm{E}}$dward 
$\underline{\textrm{I}}$sland\\
\\{}
[Science] \\{}
Answer these questions about electromagnetism FTPE.\\{}
[10] These postulated entities are the magnetic equivalent of electric
point charges.\\
Answer: \underline{monopoles}\\{}
[10] The first to study monopoles, he observed that their
     would explain the quantization of the electric charge.  He's also the name
     sake of a delta function and a scissors trick.\\
Answer: Paul Adrien Maurice \underline{Dirac}\\{}
[10] This effect, in which magnetic flux can lead to a difference in
     phase around a loop, manifests itself as interference and shows
     that the vector potential is physical.\\
Answer: the \underline{Aharanov-Bohm} effect\\
\\{}
FTPE, answer these questions on astronomical measurement.\\{}
[10] This is the distance to a star such that its apparent position shifts
due to parallax by one arc second over a year.\\
Answer: One $\underline{\textrm{parsec}}$\\{}
[10] This is the observed angular movement of a star over a year that 
is due to the star's actual motion.\\
Answer: $\underline{\textrm{proper motion}}$\\{}
[10] This nearby red dwarf, 1.8 parsecs away, is the star with the largest 
known proper motion.\\
Answer: $\underline{\textrm{Barnard's Star}}$\\{}
\\{}
Identify these similar-sounding parts of the human body, FTPE.\\{}
[10]    This part of the diencephalon helps surround the third
ventricle of the brain and relays sensory signals to the cerebral cortex.\\
         Answer:  \underline{thalamus}\\{}
[10]    This organ found near the lower part of the neck consists
mainly of lymph tissue and decreases in size and activity after puberty.\\
         Answer:  \underline{thymus}\\{}
[10]    The abnormal enlargement of this butterfly-shaped gland is
known as a goiter.\\
         Answer:  \underline{thyroid} gland\\
\\{}
Answer these questions about algebraic geometry for 10 points each.
[10] In this sort of geometry, one looks at the set of lines in a vector space, and includes ``points at infinity'' so that any two lines must intersect.  It is the geometry that underlies the study of perspective.\\

Answer: \underline{projective} geometry

[10] If you want to consider the zero sets of polynomials in a projective space, where two points are the same if they are on the same line through the origin, you have to restrict yourselves to this sort of polynomial whose terms all have the same degree.

Answer: \underline{homogeneous} polynomials\\{} 
[10] Irreducible zero sets of polynomials are known by this name; they, and their hifalutin generalization called ``schemes'' are the algebraic analogues of manifolds.

Answer: \underline{varieties}\\{}


A greenhouse gas is one that is opaque in some region of Earth's infrared spectrum, whether or not it is manmade.  For 10 points each:\\{}
[10] What is the most abundant greenhouse gas in the earth's atmosphere?\\
Answer: \underline{water} vapor or \underline{H$_2$O}\\{}
[10] What greenhouse gas, produced naturally by microbial activity, is
better known for its an\ae sthetic and
physiological effects and its use as a propellant?\\ 
Answer: \underline{nitrous oxide} or \underline{dinitrogen monoxide}
or \underline{N$_2$O} or \underline{laughing gas}\\{}
[10] What octahedral gas is estimated to trap 23,900 times more
heat over its lifetime than the same mass of carbon dioxide, the most
of any man-made greenhouse gas?\\
Answer: \underline{SF$_6$} or \underline{sulfur hexafloride}\\
\\{}
[Other stuff]\\{}
Lost in the media coverage of fraud at corporate behemoths is the fraud at
corporate giants.  Name these companies, FTPE.\\{}
[10] In 2001, Martha Stewart, a friend of the CEO of this biotech
company, unloaded shares in the firm the day before it tanked on news
of FDA rejection of a key cancer drug.\\
Answer: \underline{ImClone}\\{}
[10] The Rigas family did a perp walk after being charged
with using this cable company, namesake of the Tennessee Titans'
stadium, as ``their own personal piggy bank.''\\
Answer: \underline{Adelphia}\\{}
[10] This Houston-based energy trader ran into trouble with their accounting
practices following their aborted 2000 bid to take over Enron.\\
Answer: \underline{Dynegy}\\
\\{}
Answer these questions from the category of When White Trash Get Drunk
and Go to Sporting Events, FTPE.\\{}
[10] In September 2002, he was coaching first base for the Kansas City
Royals when a shirtless man and his son attacked him at Comiskey Park.\\
Answer: Tom \underline{Gamboa}\\{}
[10] In 1995, this Cub reliever knocked down an attacking fan with his
forearm during a game at Wrigley Field.\\
Answer: Randy \underline{Myers}\\{}
[10] In the final game of the 1995 season, fans of this football team
pelted the field with snowballs, knocking one assistant coach
unconscious.\\
Answer: \underline{New York} \underline{Giants} (accept either)\\
\\{}
%more info on one of the two short geo questions
Name the river that forms the border between these pairs of states, FTPE.\\{}
[10] South Carolina-Georgia\\
Answer: \underline{Savannah} River\\{}
[10] Oklahoma-Texas\\
Answer: \underline{Red} River\\{}
[10] California-Arizona\\
Answer: \underline{Colorado} River\\{}
\\{}
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