          \documentclass [12pt]{article}
\title{WIT 2002 \\ Round 4}
\author{Yuri Kapustovich Vinokurov, Kirsten R. Chevalier \\ (R for RIGHTEOUSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS), Juliana Frogggggattttt}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\section{Tossups}

Its lifetime is 10 to the negative 20th seconds, a full 
three orders of magnitude greater than other particles of the same 
kinds. This phenomenon is explained by the Okuba, Zweig, and Izuka rule, 
which states that interactions which may be cut in half by snipping 
gluon lines on a Feynman diagram are suppressed. Thus, this particle's 
decay into 3 pions is suppressed, while its decay into two charmed D 
mesons is forbidden by conservation of energy, and it decays into 
electrons and positrons, muons and antimuons, 5 pions, or 7 pions. FTP, 
identify this bound state of a charm quark and antiquark discovered independently by Samuel Ting and 
Burton Richter.\\

Answer: \underline{J} or \underline{psi}\\


2) Founded in 1950, by the 1980s, this organization had more than 175,000 informants on their books, almost one for every 100 citizens.  It supported Katarina Witt financially in exchange for her promise not to defect.
Modeled after the then-active NKVD, FTP identify this intelligence agency dissolved when East Germany merged with West Germany.\\

Answer: \underline{Stasi} (or Ministerium für \underline{Staatssicherheit})\\

%shorten 1line
3) The title character is scalded by boiling water and is in danger of dying in the snow when he is taken in by the gentle Professor Preobrazhensky. The professor implants a human pituitary gland in him, and the title character changes  into a brutal member of the proletariat--and gets along splendidly in a Stalinist environment. FTP, identify this Mikhail Bulgakov novel which parodies the Russian Revolution’s purges of the intelligentsia, the main character of which is Poligraph Poligraphovich Sharikov.\\

Answer: \underline{Dog’s Heart} or \underline{Heart of a Dog} or \underline{Sobachye Serdtze}\\


22) Schools create an atmosphere of fear of failure that is detrimental to the
learning process. Schools encourage boredom and confusion in children by
creating an artificial separation between learning and everyday life. Schools
discourage "real learning", the development of one's individual talents. FTP,
these are the conclusions of what 1964 book by John Holt that inspired legions
of homeschoolers and other educational reformers and examines the ways in which
children get through school while attaining little actual knowledge?

Answer: \underline{How Children Fail}


25) This year saw the births of Rosalie Slaughter Morton, Alfred Kroeber, Ole Edvart Rolvaag, Jack London, and Sherwood Anderson.  \textit{Tom Sawyer} was published, Munn v. Illinois was decided, and Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.  On June 25, Custer and his men attacked Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse at Little Big Horn, and in November, despite receiving almost 250,000 more votes, Samuel J. Tilden lost the Presidency to Rutherford B. Hayes.  Name, FTP, this year that also saw the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia.\\

Answer: \underline{1876}\\

%hard but interesting

%repeat? if so, use this one, this pack needs answerable questions.
1) 
Late in his 45 year life, this military leader assisted Pedro the Cruel of Castille against Henry of Trastamare. He was only 16 when he led the forces in 1346in one of his two most famous battles; the other occurred 10 years later. FTP, identify this Prince of Acquitane who secured the throne for his son, Richard II, but did not live to see him deposed by John of Gaunt, and who won important victories against the French at Crecy and Poitiers.\\

Answer: \underline{Edward}, the \underline{Black Prince}\\

6) NSC, located in this city, is Russia’s oldest shipping and timber company, while its club, Vodnik, was the European Champions’ Cup Finalist in the sport of bandy in 1996 and 1997. It was founded by Ivan the Terrible on the banks of the Northern Dvina in 1584, and by order of Peter I, the first Russian merchant seaport and shipyard were built here in 1693. The capital of a region with the same name, FTP, identify this Russian city on the shores of the White Sea which might have been named for Raphael or Gabriel.\\

Answer: \underline{Archanghelsk} or \underline{Archangel}\\

%hard
7) For a simple cubic lattice it is just a cube, for the face-centered cubic lattice it is a dodecahedron, and for a body-centered cubic lattice it is a 15-sided regular polyhedron. It may be generated by the Ewal construction and can be derived from the von Laue scattering conditions, which are analogous to the Bragg scattering conditions in inverse space. Any vector beyond the first may be translated into the first one by adding a reciprocal lattice basis vector. FTP--if a is the separation between lattice points, what eponymous reciprocal of the Wigner-Seitz cell extends from +pi/a to –pi/a?\\

Answer: first \underline{Billouin zone}\\

8) One criticism of it is that it required far too much energy to be a practical model. Another is that although lightning was present in the environment it modelled, it was not continuous. Its setup involved water vapor injected into a central chamber containing a mixture of methane, hydrogen, ammonia, and water. Two electrodes created the lightning in an attempt to simulate the atmosphere of early Earth. FTP, what experiment, named for the scientists who did it at the University of Chicago, showed that amino acids can form spontaneously under the proper conditions?\\

Answer: \underline{Miller-Urey} experiment or \underline{Electric Discharge} experiment or \underline{Primordial Soup} Experiment\\

9) He first appeared in print in a June 14, 1924 edition of the Princeton Tiger and a reply was published in the Chicago Tribune. The original context in which he first appeared involved his daughter, Nan, her presumed lover, and a pail. However, he is best known today for having a much-desired anatomical irregularity. FTP, Homer Simpson thought the stories about what main character of a dirty limerick were greatly exaggerated?\\

Anwer: The \underline{Man} from \underline{Nantucket}\\

%two soccer quesions in one pack?  ukranian crack-baby.
%shorten
%10) After the final, Ernst Happel bitterly remarked that the host team could have only won in their own country. The winners were coached by Cesar Luis Menotti, but would never have made it to the final had it not been for the terrible form of Peru, whose Argentine-born goalkeeper allowed 6 goals to be scored on him. The final was marked by goals from Mario Kempes and a second half equaliser from Dirk Nanninga, and in the last minutes of full time, Rob Resenbrink hit the post after being put through by Krol. FTP, this was the final of what year’s World Cup, the last to be won by a host nation before France ’98, in which Argentina eventually beat Holland 3-1?\\

%Answer: \underline{1978} World Cup\\

11) It has only three syntactic forms: abstraction, application, and variable
reference. The Church-Turing thesis asserts that the untyped version of it can
express any computation expressible by an algorithm, including
nonterminating computations, whereas the simply-typed version only expresses
terminating computations. FTP--name the programming language formalism invented
by Alonzo Church, whose name persists in the greek letter used to introduce functions in the languages Haskell, Scheme, and Lisp.\\

Answer: \underline{lambda calculus}\\

12) Its name is derived from the German word for "to tickle". In female-to-male sex reassignment surgery, its suspensory ligament is severed, releasing the
three-quarters of its length that normally remain inside the body. Its base is attached to the labia minora at a point called the frenulum, which
indicates where the urethra would have been had its owner developed into a
male. FTP name the part of the female anatomy homologous to the penis.\\

Answer: \underline{clitoris}\\

%too much cs...
13) It has several levels: level 0, the simplest, supports data striping but lacks
any fault-tolerance. Level 1 provides fault-tolerance via "mirroring",
maintaining two independent copies of all data. Levels 3 and higher reduce the
amount of hardware required for fault-tolerance by storing parity information. FTP
name this technology that allows many small and cheap hard disks to be used as
a single logical disk, developed by David Patterson's group at UC Berkeley.\\

Answer: \underline{R}edundant \underline{A}rray of \underline{I}nexpensive
\underline{D}isks\\

14) Its founding members met while students at Evergreen College, and it was
originally their side project while they performed in the bands Excuse 17 and
Heavens to Betsy.  Its name came from the Olympia intersection where they first practiced, and it quickly became
prominent in the riot grrl movement, releasing "Call the Doctor" on
Chainsaw in 1996 and "Dig Me Out" on Kill Rock Stars in 1997. FTP name this
band made up of Carrie Brownstein, Corin Tucker, and Janet Weiss, whose most
recent album is "One Beat". \\

Answer: \underline{Sleater-Kinney}\\

15) In 1887, he was first identified with Amraphel, the King of Sennaar mentioned in Genesis 14.  He defeated Rim-Sin and the rulers of Mari, Eshnunna, and Elam, and conquered Rabiqu, Dupliash, Kar-Shamash, possibly Turukku, Kakmum, and Sabe.  When he conquered Iamuthala and Larsa, he became King of Sumer and Akkad.  Despite his military prowess, this Babylonian is primarily known today for authoring a certain document found in 1901 in Susa.  FTP, name this king, the giver of an eponymous ``Code''.
\\
Answer: \underline{Hammurabi}\\

16) He was favored by his country's Christian majority over his father-in-law's grandson, Lij Yasu.  His coronation inspired Evelyn Waugh's \textit{Black Mischief}, in which he was  fictionalized as Emperor Seth.    He was named heir to the throne in 1917, but waited until 1930 to assume it, after the death of Empress Zauditu.  The constitution he soon established centered power on his family.  FTP, name this Ethiopian emperor whose chosen name means "Might of the Trinity", originally named Tafari Makonnen.
\\
Answer: \underline{Haile Selassie} (accept Ras \underline{Tafari} Makonnen on an early buzz)
\\
17) His name is mentioned in poem VIII of the collection in which he appears, but poem LXII is actually about him.  He believes that "the world has still/ Much good, but much less good than ill" but allows that "malt does more than Milton can/ To justify God's ways to man."  He tells the story of a king who accustomed himself to poison, ending with "I tell the tale that I heard old./ Mithridates, he died old."  FTP, name this A. E. Housman character from \textit{A Shropshire Lad}, who responds to the charge that ``this is stupid stuff.''
\\
Answer: \underline{Terence} (grudgingly accept "Terence, this is stupid stuff")
\\
18) "For adapting the mathematical concept of imaginary numbers for use in the business world, "  executives and auditors at Enron, WorldCom, Arthur Andersen and received a special commendation.  One of the real ``winners'' this year is the Japanese product "Bow-Lingual,'' measures the tone of a dog's bark and reports his mood.  Another winner discovered that ostriches get hornier when humans are around and eventually hit on them.  FTP, name these awards, bestowed by the Annals of Improbable Research and handed out by actual Nobel Prize winners.
\\
Answer: \underline{Ig Nobel} awards (or ceremony or prizes, or other reasonable equivalents) 
\\
19) The fruits in this painting, created for the villa of Lorenzo di Pierfrancesco de' Medici at Castello in 1477-78, are possibly oranges, or maybe the golden apples of the Hesperides.  The right either depicts the transformation of [BLANK] to avoid the amorous Zephyr, or the Roman goddess Flora and her daughter Persephone.  Venus stands in the middle with Cupid hovering blindfolded above her, and the Graces dance in a circle between her and Mercury on the far left.  FTP, name this allegorical masterpiece by Sandro Botticelli.
\\
Answer: La \underline{Primavera} (or \underline{Allegory of Spring})
\\
20) Lanier and Topsy are the protagonist's children by his wife, a beautiful heiress to a Chicago magnate who is taken away from him by Tommy Barban.  He opens a clinic with Franz Gregorovius, and is urged by Dr. Dohmler to stop seeing his future wife.  His musician best friend, Abe North, drinks away his career and is killed at a speakeasy in New York.  The affair with Rosemary Hoyt destroys, FTP, Dick Diver's marriage to Nicole in what F. Scott Fitzgerald novel?\\

Answer: \underline{Tender is the Night}\\

$20\frac{1}{2}$)  Part of this novel was completed and published separately 
in 1919 under the title ``Before the Law,'' in the collection 
\textit{A Country Doctor}. However, it was unfinished at the author's 
death in 1924, and was published in 1925 despite the author's 
wish that all his uncompleted works should be destroyed. The 
book beings, {\textquotedbl}Someone must have traduced Joseph K. for 
without having done anything wrong he was arrested one fine morning'' 
and ends with Joseph K's brutal murder by two men. FTP name this 
Franz Kafka work about a man condemned by a callous court system.

\tab Answer: The {\underline {Trial}}, or {\underline {Der Prozess}}.

23) "One gust of wind and Santa became Satan" is a line from her first novel, whose protagonist Benna rearranges the facts of her life as easily as she rearranges
letters in words. Her aptly named short-story collection contains stories such
as "How To Become a Writer" and "How To Be an Other Woman". FTP name this
author of \textit{Anagrams}, \textit{Self-Help}, and \textit{Who Will Run the
Frog Hospital?}, a professor at the University of Wisconsin.

Answer: Lorrie \underline{Moore}


%way too hard
21) In \textit{Gender Trouble}, Judith Butler uses this concept to challenge the
traditional feminist idea that there exists a stable category of "woman" that
the feminist movement speaks for. Part of the social constructionist theory of
gender, it refers to the process by which individuals enact and mimic
characteristics belonging to their assigned or preferred gender. FTP, name this
term which is often used to suggest that people can choose to take on different
gender roles as easily as taking on a role in a play.

Answer: \underline{performativity} 


%too hard
24) It began in 1966 as the Poverty Rights Action Center and was founded by George
Wiley, who was also involved in the Congress of Racial Equality. Its activists,
largely urban black women who received Aid to Families with Dependent Children,
were responsible for the abolition of intrusive investigations of potential
welfare recipients. FTP name this poor people's organization which folded in
the mid-'70s due to conflicts between national staff members and local
activists.

Answer: the  \underline{N}ational \underline{W}elfare \underline{R}ights
\underline{O}rganization

5) His sword, Fragarach,  could strike through any armor, and no weapon could pierce his breastplate. He wore a cloak that could take on any color, and once used it to prevent his wife Fand from meeting with her mortal lover Cuchulain. He was also the guardian of the Well of Knowledge, from which stem the streams which are home to the five salmon of Wisdom. Foster father to the Celtic god Lugh, FTP, identify this Irish god of the sea who lends his name to an island which lies between England and Ireland.\\

Answer: \underline{Mannanan} MacLir (prompt on  ``Man'')\\



%hard
4) It was originally created for the Carthusian monastery Chartreuse de Champmol which was intended to be the burial place of Philip the Bold of Burgundy and survived the monastery's destruction during the French Revolution. Besides the titular figure, David, Jeremiah, Zachariah, Daniel, and Isaiah are portrayed in this work. Created between 1395 and 1406, FTP identify this fountain sculpture that depicts the six prophets who had foreseen Christ’s death on the cross, the most famous work of Claus Sluter?

Answer: \underline{Well of Moses}

\newpage

\section{Bonuses}

He has two goats that pull his chariot, and regenerate themselves each night if slaughtered for food.  FTPE:

10) Name this mythological character.

Answer: \underline{Thor} 

10) After Thor slaughtered his goats to feed this youth's family, the youth tasted one of the goats' marrow  before Thor had a chance to resurrect the goat, crippling it.

Answer: \underline{Thialfi}

10) Thor and Loki stay with Thialfi’s parents on the way to this capital of Jotunheim. They face many challenges there and the giants, being convinced of their strength, decide to hide the place from them forever.

Answer: \underline{Utgard} (or \underline{Uthgart})

2) Identify the event from clues, 30-20-10:

30) Timothy Garton Ash documented it in his book The Magic Lantern. Although it mostly took place in one country, it also describes contemporaneous events in Hungary and East Germany.\\
20) It took place between November 17 and December 29, 1989. Because it is thought to have been incited by KGB provocateurs, the natives of the nation where it took place prefer to call it ``the November Events.''\\
10) As a result, Czechoslovakian President Gustav Husak resigned, and Vaclav Havel was elected. The event earned its name due to the complete bloodlessness of the turnover of power.\\

Answer: \underline{Velvet Revolution}\\

3) Identify these football clubs FTPE:
10) They took the highest honor in club football last spring when Zinedine Zidane and Raul helped them to a 2-1 Champions’ League Final win over Bayer Leverkusen. They’re currently tearing up the Champions’ League group stage.

Answer: \underline{Real Madrid}

10) This English club has fared poorly on the mainland in the last few years, but this season Thierry Henry and Dennis Bergkamp are firing on all cylinders as this club remains undefeated in their Champions’ League campaign.\\

Answer: \underline{Arsenal}\\

10) This Italian club is also experiencing a European resurrection, with Filippo Inzaghi scoring goals left and right. They recently buldozed Deportivo La Coruna and Bayern Munich in the Champions’ League group stages.\\

Answer: \underline{AC Milan} (not Inter Milan; prompt on just Milan)\\

4) Physics stuff, FTPE:
10) The zero point energy of the vacuum is responsible for this effect. Two parallel metal plates have to brought within 10 to the negative fifth centimeters of each other and an attraction between them can be observed.\\

Answer: \underline{Casimir} effect\\

10) Solid noble gases are held together by the Lennart-Jones potential which results from this force. Dipole-dipole interactions are an example.\\

Answer: \underline{van der Waals} force or \underline{London} force or \underline{dispersion} force\\

10) The hydrogen fine structure is a result of this phenomenon which results from the interaction between the intrinsic angular momentum of the electron and the angular momentum of the whole atom.\\

Answer: \underline{spin-orbit} coupling\\

5) Identify these mountains FTSNOP.\\

5) It only costs \$13 per person to climb this mountain, also known as Qogori. Of course, with a Russian grade of 6b, you’d have to be pretty experienced to scale this second highest mountain in the world.\\

Answer: \underline{K2} (or Mt. Godwin-Austen)\\

10) Situated in the northwest of the Pamir range, this mountain is the highest in the former USSR. Although Elbrus is the tallest mountain in Europe, this mountain tops Elbrus by almost 2000 meters.\\

Answer: \underline{Communism Peak}\\

15) Slightly lower than Communism Peak, this mountain in the central Tien Shan range is the highest peak in Kyrgyzstan.\\

Answer: \underline{Victory Peak} (or \underline{Peak Pobeda})\\

6) Identify the paintings from clues, FTPE.\\

1) One of the title characters in this John Singleton Copley painting survived the ordeal to become Lord Mayor of London. The other, a fish, was harpooned while trying to eat the former.\\

Answer: \underline{Watson and the Shark}\\

2) Joseph Heller devoted an entire novel, Picture This, to this painting by Rembrandt van Rijn. Rembrandt clothes a Greek philosopher in contemporary Dutch garb and depicts him pondering a sculpture of a famous poet.\\

Answer: \underline{Aristotle Contemplating (a/the) Bust of Homer}\\

3) Both Delacroix and Rubens did a painting with this title.  In the more famous Rubens, the title activity is in full swing as one of the title creatures attacks a horse from the left in order to bring down the rider.\\

Answer: \underline{Lion Hunt}\\


7) Identify these chemistry things FTPE:\\

10) A combination of sulfur and heating is used to induce the formation of cross-linkages between polymer chains of rubber molecules in this process.\\

Answer: \underline{vulcanization}\\

10) This  industrial process named for its German discoverer involves producing nitrogen oxide and nitric acid from ammonia and oxygen.\\

Answer: \underline{Ostwald process}\\

10) This compound was once considered to be an excellent indicator of the well-being of the economy. It is produced by the contact process which involves the catalytic oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide.\\

Answer: \underline{sulfuric acid} (or \underline{H2SO4})\\

8) Identify the band from albums, 30-20-10.\\

30) Miles From Our Home, Pale Sun, Crescent Moon\\

20) Black Eyed Man, The Caution Horses\\

10) The Trinity Sessions, Open, 200 Miles\\

Answer: \underline{Cowboy Junkies}

%orig languages requested
9) Name these works of world literature FTPE:
\\
10) We never learn the name of the title character of this Gabriel Garcia Marquez story, but we know his son was shot for treason and that he keeps hoping to make a profit on cockfights with his rooster. Everyday, he goes to the post office, but he never gets any mail.
\\
Answer: \underline{No-one Writes to the Colonel} (or \underline{Nobody Writes to the Colonel}) or \underline{El Coronel No Tiene Quien de Escriba}
\\
10) Ivo Andric chronicles almost five centuries of life next to the title structure, which was built in 1571 by the Turks and destroyed by Austria in 1914.
\\
Answer: \underline{Bridge on the Drina} or \underline{Na Drini c'uprija}
\\
10) Jorge Amado describes literature in Brazil under Fascism in this book, subtitled \textit{A Fable to Kindle a Hope}.
\\
Answer: \underline{Pen, Sword, Camisole} or \underline{Farda, fardao, camisola de dormir}
\\
10) Name these battles that those belligerent Germans were involved in FTPE.
\\
10) Initially called "Watch on the Rhine" and later renamed "Autumn Mist", this was the last major German offensive of World War 2, and the largest land battle in which the US participated.
\\
Answer: \underline{Battle of the Bulge} (or the \underline{Ardennes} offensive)
\\
10) In this most famous battle of the Franco-Prussian War, on September 1, 1870 Helmuth Karl Bernhard, Graf von Moltke stuck it to those cheese-eating surrender monkeys. Napoleon III was captured and the war went downhill for France.
\\
Answer: \underline{Sedan}
\\
10) Lieutenant General Sir Douglas Haig masterminded this largest British offensive against Germany in World War I. He planned to bombard the entrenched Germans with artillery for a week and then send in the infantry, which he did on July 1, 1916, but  the battle became a stalemate.
\\
Answer: Battle of the \underline{Somme}
\\
11) Name the concepts from graph theory FTPE
\\
10) A graph whose vertex set can be partitioned into two sets, V1 and V2, such that
every edge in the graph connects a vertex in V1 to a vertex in V2.\\
Answer: \underline{bipartite} graph\\
10) For a bipartite graph whose edge set is nonempty, this number is always 2; for
a graph G, it refers to the number of colors required to color nodes in G such that
no two adjacent nodes have the same color.\\
Answer: \underline{chromatic} number \\
10) Given a general graph G, it is possible to check in polynomial time whether a
given number is the chromatic number of G, but there is no known
polynomial-time algorithm for finding the chromatic number of G. Thus, finding
the chromatic number is known to be in what class of problems that also includes the
travelling salesman problem and the circuit satisfiability problem?\\
Answer: \underline{N}ondeterministic \underline{P}olynomial \\
12) Name the animal FTPE.\\
10) Desmond Morris wrote that it resembles "a cross between a guinea pig and a
hippopotamus". Native to South America, it is the largest rodent and can weigh
more than 100 pounds.\\
Answer: \underline{capybara}\\
10) This largest fish on earth can grow up to 50 feet in length. It is
viviparous and can be distinguished from others in their family by their very
broad head and wide mouth at the front of the head. It has nothing in common
with the animal mentioned in its name except its large size and diet of
plankton.\\
Answer: \underline{whale shark} (prompt on "shark")\\
10) The largest bird on earth is the ostrich, but you knew that; can you name the
group of birds of the order Struthioniformes to which they, along with rheas,
cassowaries, emus, and kiwis, belong? Its name is derived from the Latin for
"raft" because their sternums have no ``keels'' to which to anchor flight muscles.\\
Answer: \underline{ratites} \\
13) Name the types of ocean habitats FTPE.\\
10) There are four types: coastal plain, tectonic, bar-built, and fjord. Horseshoe
crabs are among their oldest inhabitants, and oysters often inhabit their
floors; examples include the Chesapeake and San Francisco bays.
\\
Answer: \underline{estuary}
\\
10) They grow along rocky coastlines and their name is derived from the type of
brown algae that clings to its bottom. Sea cucumbers and starfish live at the
bottom, and the largest ones are found in cold climates.
\\
Answer: \underline{kelp forest}
\\
10) They are made up of polyps, and other animal life includes a diverse range of
fish, crabs, and shrimp. They flourish in warm, tropical waters, though the
most famous one, in Australia, is an exception to this rule.
\\
Answer: \underline{coral reef}
\\
14) Name the historical figure based in his or her mention in a They Might Be
Giants song, FTPE.
\\
10) "Belgium's famous painter," this Expressionist creator of \textit{Christ's Entry into Brussels} ``lived with his mother and the torments of
Christ."
\\
Answer: James \underline{Ensor}
\\
10) The character "Person Man" in "Particle Man", who "lives his life in a garbage
can", is sometimes thought to refer to this theoretical physicist who was also a popular
author and Tuva aficionado.
\\
Answer: Richard \underline{Feynman}
\\
10) In a song that appears on  \textit{Long Tall Weekend} and \textit{Mink Car}, a "not too simple and not too kind" character thinks that she is either
this prolific Hollywood costume designer who received eight Oscars for films
such as "All About Eve" and "Roman Holiday", or "some other cultural figure we
don't know a lot about".
\\
Answer: Edith \underline{Head}
\\
15) Name these heroes of the Roman Republic, FTPE.
\\
10) He was named dictator in 458 BCE, defeated the Aequi and Volsci, and returned to his farm, relinquishing supreme power after only 16 days.  He may have been Dictator again, but he would have been in his 80's at the time.
\\
Answer: Lucius (or Titus) Quinctius \underline{Cincinnatus}
\\
10) During the war with Porsenna, this woman led a group of fellow hostages across the Tiber and back to Rome, escaping their captors.  She would return later, and Porsenna would let her take other hostages back to Rome in admiration of her bravery.
\\
Answer: \underline{Cloelia}
\\
10) Stories about his death vary, but most later sources agree that his eyelids were cut off and that he subsequently died from lack of sleep.  He convinced the Senate not to ransom him, then returned to his Carthaginian captors, who killed him.
\\
Answer: Marcus Attilius \underline{Regulus}
\\
16) Name the play from characters, FTPE, 5 if you need the author.
\\
10) Adolphus Cusins, Lady Britomart, Andrew Undershaft
5) George Bernard Shaw
\\
Answer: \underline{Major Barbara}
\\
10) Horatio, Hieronimo, Bel-Imperia
5) Thomas Kyd
\\
Answer: \underline{Spanish Tragedy}
\\
10) Autolycus, Florizel, Perdita
5) William Shakespeare
\\
Answer: The \underline{Winter's Tale}\\

8) Given a composer, give the common name of his sixth symphony, FTPE.\\

10) Mahler
\\
Answer: \underline{Tragic}
\\
10) Tchaikovsky
\\
Answer: \underline{Pathetique}
\\
10) Beethoven
\\
Answer: \underline{Pastoral}
\\


20) Name these African battles, FTPE.
\\
10) On January 22, 1879, Cetewayo led 10,000 Zulus against a British camp of 800.  About Forty Europeans survived.
\\
Answer: \underline{Isandhlwana}
\\
10) The siege of this town during the Boer War saw the creation of the Boy Scouts.  When Baden-Powell succeeded here, the town's name entered British English in memory of victory parties celebrating it in London.
\\
Answer: \underline{Mafeking} (or \underline{Mafikeng})
\\
10) Not so much a battle, this ``incident" was basically a bit of saber-rattling by the French and British in the Egyptian Sudan.  The French, their hands full with the Dreyfuss affair and needing Britain's support against Germany, conceded the outpost to the British.

Answer: \underline{Fashoda} Incident (or Crisis)

21) Name these Canadian Prime Ministers, FTPE.

10) This Scot was Canada's first Prime Minister.

Answer: John Alexander \underline{Macdonald}

10) This man who served from 1878-91 was the first Canadian-born Prime Minister.

Answer: John Joseph Caldwell \underline{Abbott}

10) He time as Prime Minister, 21 years, 5 months, and 1 day, is the longest not only in Canada but throughout the Commonwealth as well.

Answer: William Lyon \underline{Mackenzie King}

22) Name the Amazon who shares her name with a more well-known figure, 15PE, or 10 if you need a clue about the better-known woman.

15) The name of this Amazon Queen means "man-fighter".
10) Strangely enough, this is also the name of Hector's docile wife.

Answer: \underline{Andromache}

15) This woman, whose name means "of the stampeding horse", was a sister of Penthesilea and was accidentally killed by her in a hunt.  Distraught and ashamed, she left the Amazons for Troy, which she briefly liberated.
10) The Amazonian Queen with this name bore the girdle whose liberation was Heracles' ninth task.
\\
Answer: \underline{Hippolyte} or \underline{Hippolyta}
\\
%asked for interesting details
23) Answer the questions about a liberation movement FTPE.
\\
10) This June 1969 event began when a bottle was thrown by drag queen Sylvia
Rivera, and thus marks the beginning of the modern movements for both gay
liberation and transgender liberation.
\\
Answer: \underline{Stonewall} riots
\\
10) This Danish former soldier became the first transsexual whose condition was
publicized in the US, in 1953.
\\
Answer: Christine \underline{Jorgensen}
\\
10) The Southern California chapter of this liberal organization founded by Roger
Baldwin founded a transsexual rights committee in 1980.

Answer: the \underline{A}merican \underline{C}ivil \underline{L}iberties
\underline{U}nion

24) Name these authors known for more than one genre of writing, FTPE:

10) Though best known for her 1992 novel \underline{Bastard Out of
Carolina}, she also addresses subjects from science fiction to
the theory and practice of strap-ons in \underline{Skin: Talking About Sex,
Class and Literature}.\\

Answer: Dorothy \underline{Allison}\\

10) Besides editing the \underline{Best American Erotica} series, this ``sexpert"
has written such nonfiction works as \underline{The Sexual State of the
Union} and has worked as an editor at both \textit{Penthouse} and the lesbian
erotica magazine \textit{On Our Backs}.\\

Answer: Susie \underline{Bright}\\

10) This self-described "Black lesbian, mother, warrior" was most prolific as a
poet, but among her most acclaimed works are the essay collection
\underline{Sister Outsider} and her "biomythography", \underline{Zami}.\\

Answer: Audre \underline{Lorde}\\

25) Answer the following questions about anthropology FTPE.\\

10) This German-born anthropologist encouraged his students to observe humans in
their natural environment, bringing cultural anthropology beyond its origins as
a tool for illustrating evolutionary theory and founding the culture history
school of anthropology.\\

Answer: Franz \underline{Boas}\\

10) This student of Boas studied archaeological sites in New Mexico, Mexico, and
Peru, as well as American Indian languages. He analyzed culture as a universal human phenomenon in his,  \textit{Configurations of Culture Growth},  founded the anthropology
department at UC Berkeley and fathered Ursula LeGuin.
examined .\\

Answer: Alfred \underline{Kroeber}\\

10) The culture history school was opposed by this smaller group led by Fritz
Graebner and Wilhelm Schmidt, who believed that the spreading of culture traits
was the prime force behind human developments. They were also known as the
\textit{Kulturkreise}, or "cultural cluster" school.\\

Answer: \underline{diffusionists}\\

%crap baby in a well garbage
%17) A jury inLos Angeles recently awarded a record-setting and mind-boggling sum in punitive damages to a former smoker.  Answer these questions about that suit, FTSNOP.

%10) FTP, name the woman who was so awarded, a 64 year old who started smoking at the age of 17.

%Answer: Betty \underline{Bullock}

%10) For another 10 points, name the company being sued, whose tactic during trial was not to defend its past actions, but to concentrate on Bullock's own decision to smoke.

%Answer: \underline{Philip Morris}, Inc.

%3) Finally, give the dollar amount awarded by the jury, which is sure to be reduced by a judge, 10 points if on the nose, 5 if within 25%.

%Answer: \underline{\$28 billion} (accept anything between $21 billion and $35 billion)


%fine but too hard.  adding anabel lee would be too obvious, but other stuff might take too much effort.
19) Name the Edgar Allan Poe poem by completing a line from the poem, FTPE.

10) Gaily bedight,/ A gallant knight,/ In sunshine and in shadow,/ Had journeyed long,/ Singing a song,/ In search of...

Answer: \underline{Eldorado}

10) Out - out are the lights - out all!/ And, over each quivering form,/ The curtain, a funeral pall,/ Comes down with the rush of a storm,/ And the angels, all palid and wan,/ Uprising, unveiling, affirm/ That the play is the tragedy "Man,"/ And its hero the...

Answer: \underline{Conqueror Worm}

10) From childhood's hour I have not been/ As others were - I have not seen/ As others saw - I could not bring/ My passions from a common spring./ From the same source I have not taken/ My sorrow; I could not awaken/ My heart to joy at the same tone;/ And all I lov'd, I lov'd....

Answer: \underline{Alone}

\end{document}