wu :: forums
« wu :: forums - Altitudes of Triangle »

Welcome, Guest. Please Login or Register.
Mar 28th, 2024, 7:56am

RIDDLES SITE WRITE MATH! Home Home Help Help Search Search Members Members Login Login Register Register
   wu :: forums
   riddles
   putnam exam (pure math)
(Moderators: william wu, SMQ, Icarus, towr, Grimbal, Eigenray)
   Altitudes of Triangle
« Previous topic | Next topic »
Pages: 1  Reply Reply Notify of replies Notify of replies Send Topic Send Topic Print Print
   Author  Topic: Altitudes of Triangle  (Read 1543 times)
ThudnBlunder
Uberpuzzler
*****




The dewdrop slides into the shining Sea

   


Gender: male
Posts: 4489
Altitudes of Triangle  
« on: Jul 28th, 2009, 12:42am »
Quote Quote Modify Modify

What is the probability that the altitudes of a triangle may themselves form another triangle?
IP Logged

THE MEEK SHALL INHERIT THE EARTH.....................................................................er, if that's all right with the rest of you.
Grimbal
wu::riddles Moderator
Uberpuzzler
*****






   


Gender: male
Posts: 7526
Re: Altitudes of Triangle  
« Reply #1 on: Jul 28th, 2009, 12:45am »
Quote Quote Modify Modify

1.
 
The altitudes of a triangle may form another triangle.  I know at least one case.
IP Logged
ThudnBlunder
Uberpuzzler
*****




The dewdrop slides into the shining Sea

   


Gender: male
Posts: 4489
Re: Altitudes of Triangle  
« Reply #2 on: Jul 28th, 2009, 1:11am »
Quote Quote Modify Modify

on Jul 28th, 2009, 12:45am, Grimbal wrote:
1.
 
The altitudes of a triangle may form another triangle.  I know at least one case.

OK, what is the probability that they WILL form another triangle?  Roll Eyes
IP Logged

THE MEEK SHALL INHERIT THE EARTH.....................................................................er, if that's all right with the rest of you.
Grimbal
wu::riddles Moderator
Uberpuzzler
*****






   


Gender: male
Posts: 7526
Re: Altitudes of Triangle  
« Reply #3 on: Jul 28th, 2009, 2:21am »
Quote Quote Modify Modify

That depends on how you randomly draw a triangle, what is the distribution of triangles you consider.
IP Logged
Eigenray
wu::riddles Moderator
Uberpuzzler
*****






   


Gender: male
Posts: 1948
Re: Altitudes of Triangle  
« Reply #4 on: Jul 28th, 2009, 3:33am »
Quote Quote Modify Modify

For example, we could randomly pick a point on the unit sphere in the first octant; it will represent a triangle with probability
12/ cot-12  - 2 ~ 35.1%.
Conditioned on this point representing a triangle, the altitudes will form a triangle with probability ~ 58.1%.  But it's a nasty trig integral for the exact value: Let
 
A = uv  f(csc t - sec t, sec t ) dt + v/4  f(1/(sin t + cos t), sec t ) dt
where
u = sec-1 [ 5 / 2 ], v = tan-1 [ (5  - 1)/2 ],
and
f(a,b) = atan aatan b sin d= 1/{1+a2} - 1/{1+b2}  
 
A ~ 0.0534 is the area of the region on the unit sphere satisfying
1/(1/y + 1/z) x y z x+y
 
Of course, a simpler approach is to set, say, z = 1, and compute the area of the set of x,y on the plane such that the above holds.  The set of (x,y) with 0 x y z x+y has area 1/4, so we multiply by 4 and get
2 - 5  + 4 log [ 5  - 1 ] ~ 61.2 %
IP Logged
Eigenray
wu::riddles Moderator
Uberpuzzler
*****






   


Gender: male
Posts: 1948
Re: Altitudes of Triangle  
« Reply #5 on: Jul 28th, 2009, 4:15am »
Quote Quote Modify Modify

Thirdly, we can pick a point on the plane x+y+z = 1; since this is linear the ratio of areas is the same if we project onto the x-y plane.  This obviously gives
 
[ 485  (log 2 - arccsch 2) + 455 - 110 ] / 25 ~ 53.5%
 
I believe that's my first time using the inverse of the hyperbolic cosecant Wink  Well, that's what Mathematica gives.  We can also write
log 2 - arccsch 2 = log [ 5  - 1 ]
« Last Edit: Jul 28th, 2009, 4:23am by Eigenray » IP Logged
ThudnBlunder
Uberpuzzler
*****




The dewdrop slides into the shining Sea

   


Gender: male
Posts: 4489
Re: Altitudes of Triangle  
« Reply #6 on: Jul 28th, 2009, 6:56am »
Quote Quote Modify Modify

Ha, I knew that you (or another math whizz) would quickly see right through this 'problem', Eigenray.  Wink
IP Logged

THE MEEK SHALL INHERIT THE EARTH.....................................................................er, if that's all right with the rest of you.
Pages: 1  Reply Reply Notify of replies Notify of replies Send Topic Send Topic Print Print

« Previous topic | Next topic »

Powered by YaBB 1 Gold - SP 1.4!
Forum software copyright © 2000-2004 Yet another Bulletin Board