Cal’s Mid-Spring Tournament 2018
Written by members of the Berkeley Quizbowl Club, Weijia Cheng, Ryan Humphrey, Ike Jose, Eddie Kim, Will Nediger, and Jennie Yang
Edited by Weijia Cheng, Michael Coates, Aseem Keyal, Bruce Lou, Will Nediger, Ryan Humphrey, Eddie Kim, and Jennie Yang
Tossups
ANSWER: Ito Hirobumi [or Ito Toshisuke; or Ito Hirofumi; or Ito Hakubun; or Ito Shunsuke; or Hiyashi Rizuke; be generous and prompt on Hirobumi or any of his given names, but the surname is required for points]
<BL, World History>
ANSWER: capital [accept social capital or cultural capital] (The first line refers to James Coleman’s essay “Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital.”)
<RK, Social Science>
ANSWER: Arabic [or Classical Arabic; or al-arabiyyah]
<EC, Poetry>
ANSWER: Mesoamerican ballgame [or ōllamaliztli; or tlachtli; or pitz; or juego de pelota; or pok-ta-pok; or pok-a-tok; or pokolpok; or ulama before mentioned]
<EC, World History>
ANSWER: mulattos [accept quadroons; accept mixed-race people; accept “Le Mulâtre”; accept any answer indicating that they’re part-black and part-white]
<RK, Short Fiction>
ANSWER: chemical shift
<RD, Chemistry>
ANSWER:
<AK, Other Art (Criticism)>
ANSWER: Karl (Theodor)
<RK, Philosophy>
ANSWER: paramagnetism [accept word forms; accept Pauli paramagnetism or Langevin paramagnetism or Van Vleck paramagnetism]
<AK, Physics>
ANSWER: Pavia [accept Treaty of Pavia; accept Battle of Pavia; accept Ticinum]
<BL, European History>
ANSWER: red (The first clue refers to Red and White Plum Blossoms by Ogata Kōrin.)
<AK, Painting/Sculpture>
ANSWER: Uncle Vanya [or Dyadya Vanya]
<JN, Drama>
ANSWER: Dido [accept Didone or Didon]
<RK, Opera>
ANSWER: National Security Council [or NSC; prompt on Executive Office of the President of the United States or EOP or EOPOTUS]
<MC, Current Events>
ANSWER: Ras [accept H-ras or K-ras or N-ras] (The diseases mentioned are Harvey/Kirstin sarcoma and neurofibromatosis-1, respectively.)
<RH, Biology>
ANSWER: quantification
<IJ, Math>
ANSWER: Memphis, Tennessee
<EC, American History>
ANSWER: Jesus Christ [accept either underlined portion; or Yeshua Ha-Nazri]
<RK, Long Fiction>
ANSWER: Lemminkäinen [also accept Kaukomieli, Kaukamoinen, Ahti Saarelainen, or Lemminki]
<JX, Legends>
ANSWER: Alawites [or Alawis; accept Nusayris before “Nusayr” is read; prompt on Shias or Twelvers or Twelver Shias before they are read]
<WC, Religion>
Bonuses
1. In this process, autoinducers like halogenated furanones and N-acyl homoserine lactones are secreted as signaling peptides. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this process in which a high concentration of autoinducers leads to a change in an organism's behavior.
ANSWER: quorum sensing [or QS; prompt on chemotaxis]
[10] Quorum sensing was discovered in Allivibrio fischeri, a bacterium that uses it exclusively for transcription of luciferase when population densities are high. Luciferase catalyzes this process in which an organism emits light.
ANSWER: bioluminescence [or chemiluminescence; prompt on luminescence]
[10] The Las and Rhl systems produce three different autoinducers, including the quinolone-derivative PQS, in this gram-negative bacterium. High concentrations of those molecules indicate biofilm formation due to this bacterium.
ANSWER: Pseudomonas aeruginosa [or P. aeruginosa; prompt on Pseudomonas]
<AK, Biology>
2. This concept in Buddhist logic asserts that the four possible forms of a proposition P are [read slowly] “P,” “not P,” “P and not P,” and “neither P nor not P.” For 10 points each:
[10] Name this concept that was used in a negative form in the Fundamental Wisdom of the Middle Way: “Neither from itself, nor from another, nor from both, nor without a cause, does anything, anywhere, ever, arise.”
ANSWER:
[10] The aforementioned Fundamental Wisdom of the Middle Way was authored by this Indian Buddhist philosopher, who founded the Madhyamaka, or “middle way” school of Buddhism.
ANSWER: Nagarjuna
[10] The Madhyamaka school is considered to be part of this branch of Buddhism, which emphasizes the study of the Perfection of Wisdom sutras. This “Great Vehicle” branch is often contrasted with Theravada Buddhism.
ANSWER: Mahayana Buddhism
<WC, Religion>
3. This technique computes a second-order correlation function that equals the time-averaged autocorrelation of intensity of laser light over the time averaged intensity squared. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this technique. In this technique, a second-order correlation function is related to a first order correlation function expressed as the negative exponential of a power series in terms of the delay time tau. That is the cumulant method.
ANSWER: dynamic light scattering [or DLS]
[10] Dynamic light scattering can be used to measure dispersity, which is the variation of this quantity for the monomers of a polymer. This quantity can be measured in daltons or grams per mole.
ANSWER: molecular weight [or molecular mass; or molar mass]
[10] Examples of these compounds used in radical polymerization include AIBN and benzoyl peroxide, which are photolytically cleaved to catalyze the first step of radical polymerization.
ANSWER: initiators [or initiation]
<AK, Chemistry>
4. This organization distributed underground publications like Robotnik, which were colloquially called
[10] Name this Polish union led by Lech
ANSWER: Solidarity [or Solidarność; or Independent Self-governing Trade Union "Solidarity"; or Niezależny Samorządny Związek Zawodowy „Solidarność”]
[10] The Solidarity movement included a group named [this adjective] Alternative, which used tactical frivolity by drawing graffiti of dwarves and handing out free toilet paper. The fraudulent election of a presidential candidate from the Party of Regions sparked a 2004 revolution named for this adjective.
ANSWER: orange [accept Orange Alternative or Pomarańczowa Alternatywa; accept Orange Revolution; or Pomarancheva revolyutsiya]
[10] Solidarity was greatly influenced by this Polish philosopher, who argued in “Theses on Hope and Hopelessness” that independent social groups must display courage in the face of the ruling power’s lies. He also wrote the three-volume history Main Currents of Marxism.
ANSWER:
<EC, European History>
5. In this book’s second section, titled “Yielding Place for New,” the author discusses various invented works of pulp fiction such as “Death Cab for Cutie” that are “invitations to a candy floss world.” For 10 points each:
[10] Name this Richard Hoggart book that examines how the “massification” and “Americanisation” of British culture have uprooted the values of “An Older Order.”
ANSWER: The Uses of Literacy
[10] The Uses of Literacy is subtitled for “Aspects” of this group’s life. A statistical study of these people by Friedrich Engels is titled for their “Condition.”
ANSWER: the English working class [accept “Aspects of Working-Class Life”; accept The Condition of the Working Class in England]
[10] This New Left author attempted to “rescue… the Luddite cropper… from the enormous condescension of posterity” in his The Making of the English Working Class, which reevaluates the development of working class consciousness.
ANSWER: E.P. Thompson [or Edward Palmer Thompson]
<RK, Social Science>
6. A flow chart created by this man features phrases such as “Japanese Prints” and “Near-Eastern Art” in red outlined boxes, with one labeled “Machine [A]esthetic” from which several arrows spring. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this critic who wrote the catalogue Picasso: Fifty Years of His Art. He was dismissed from his position as a Manhattan museum director after a poorly received exhibition of the work of Morris Hirshfield.
ANSWER: Alfred H. Barr, Jr. [or Alfred Hamilton Barr, Jr.]
[10] Barr served as the first director of this Manhattan museum, home to such monumental works of twentieth-century art as
ANSWER: the MoMA [or the Museum of Modern Art]
[10] Barr’s exhibit Cubism and Abstract Art featured a Picasso painting of one of these objects. Michael Baxandall neuropsychologically analyzed a nail in a Braque painting of one of them; Braque also paired one of these objects with a candlestick.
ANSWER: violin [accept Violin and Candlestick; accept Violin and Pitcher]
<AK, Painting/Sculpture>
7. The captain of this ship, William McGonagle, received the Medal of Honor for saving the lives of many crewmembers aboard it. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this ship bombed by Israeli aircraft in 1967, killing thirty-four people. Officially, the attack on this ship was deemed a case of mistaken identity, though it may have been to cover up the forthcoming invasion of the Golan Heights.
ANSWER: USS Liberty
[10] The USS Liberty was attacked during this brief war, which began with the destruction of Egypt’s air force in a preemptive strike called Operation Focus.
ANSWER: Six-Day War [or Milhemet Sheshet HaYamim; or 1967 Arab–Israeli War or Ḥarb 1967 before “1967”; or an-Naksah; prompt on “Arab–Israeli War”; do not prompt on or accept “al-Nakba”]
[10] Among the people who refused to accept the Israeli explanation for the attack was this man, who said that the sinking could not have been “by accident or by some trigger-happy local commander.” A series of official diplomatic correspondences between him and South Korean ambassador Yang You Chan gave Japan control of the
ANSWER: Dean Rusk [or David Dean Rusk; accept Rusk Documents; accept Rusk-Yang Correspondence]
<BL, World History>
8. This author was fired from his teaching job and moved to England because of the sexual explicitness of his novel The Dark. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this Irish author who wrote about Michael Moran, an ex-IRA member whose daughters try to cheer him up by recreating his old
ANSWER: John
[10] This other modern Irish author wrote about Eilis Lacey emigrating to the U.S. in Brooklyn, but is better known for fictionalizing the life of Henry James in The Master.
ANSWER:
[10] Tóibín’s Love in a Dark Time includes essays on a number of people with this quality, including Oscar Wilde, who was arrested for “gross indecency,” a charge used to persecute people with this quality.
ANSWER: being gay [or homosexuality; accept clear equivalents]
<RK, Long Fiction>
9. As director of the Paris Opera Ballet from 1983 to 1992, this man modernized the French classical style with what some label the
[10] Name this Soviet dancer who left the Bolshoi Company to study at the Vaganova Academy and join the Kirov Ballet. He maintained a longtime partnership with Margot Fonteyn at the Royal Ballet, and defected to the West before Mikhail Baryshnikov.
ANSWER: Rudolf Nureyev
[10] As director of the Kirov Ballet, Agrippina Vaganova revived the version of this ballet choreographed by Lev Ivanov and Marius Petipa with a 1933 production that starred her pupil Galina Ulanova as Odette.
ANSWER: Swan Lake
[10] This extremely technical excerpt from a different Petipa ballet requires the ballerina to perform a set of difficult altitude balances and promenades as she’s approached by four different suitors on her sixteenth birthday.
ANSWER: the Rose Adagio (from Sleeping Beauty)
<RK, Other Art (Dance)>
10. This man supposedly stated that “England has had its luckiest escape since the Armada” after his invading fleet was dispersed by a storm in Bantry Bay. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this leader of the Society of United Irishmen who allied with France’s Committee of Public Safety to liberate Ireland. He was sentenced to death but either committed suicide or was tortured to death before his execution.
ANSWER: Wolfe Tone [or Theobald Wolfe Tone]
[10] This general commanded British forces against Wolfe Tone’s rebellion at Killala Bay. Seventeen years earlier, he surrendered at Yorktown during the American Revolution.
ANSWER: Lord Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis
[10] The rebels’ largest stronghold in County Wexford was destroyed in this decisive British victory, during which Gerard Lake committed many war crimes. Because it was led by United Irishmen Uprising veteran Phillip Cunningham, the Castle Hill Rebellion was dubbed the “second” battle of this name.
ANSWER: Battle of Vinegar Hill [accept Second Battle of Vinegar Hill]
<RD, European History>
11. A warrior named Hidesato visits a palace at this location and is tasked with killing a giant centipede, which he does by licking the arrow he fires at its head. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this location. Hidesato kills that centipede at the nearby Mount Mikami and is given a bag of rice. This locations shares its name with a string instrument played by bards during recitations of The Tale of the Heike.
ANSWER: Lake Biwa
[10] The bottom of Lake Biwa was said to be the home of a large carp that fed on humans. Like the giant earthquake-causing catfish Namazu, that giant carp is part of this general group of Japanese monsters and demons.
ANSWER: yōkai
[10] According to a Chinese proverb, carp that successfully swim upstream in the Yellow River are transformed into these creatures. The king who gave Hidesato his task took the form of these creatures, like Ryūjin and Orochi.
ANSWER: dragon [or snake; or serpent; or ryū or ryō; or lóng]
<AK, Legends>
12. A book by Axel Honneth defines this concept as “forgetfulness of recognition,” citing research by Peter Hobson and Michael Tomasello. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this concept which was popularized in a chapter titled “[This concept] and the Consciousness of the Proletariat” in a 1923 book.
ANSWER:
[10] “Reification and the Consciousness of the Proletariat” is a chapter of this 1923 defense of Bolshevism written by
ANSWER: History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics [or Geschichte und Klassenbewußtsein – Studien über marxistische Dialektik]
[10] Lukács introduces reification by quoting a passage from this economic treatise by Karl Marx describing how the product of an individual’s labor becomes alienated from them.
ANSWER: Das Kapital: Kritik der politischen Ökonomie [or Capital: Critique of Political Economy]
<AK, Philosophy>
13. In reflecting on this task, a character from Jeanette Winterson’s Art and Lies shouts “HOW COULD YOU HAVE DONE THIS TO MY POEMS?”, which are “more mutilated than a Saturday night whore.” For 10 points each:
[10] Name this task undertaken in a seminal 1958 book by Mary Barnard. A less literal approach to this task was taken by Anne Carson in a 2002 book that takes its title from the line “If not winter… no pain.”
ANSWER: translating Sappho [or producing translations of Sappho; prompt on partial answers]
[10] Anne Carson meditated on her brother’s death in Nox, which opens with a poem in which this author describes carrying his own brother’s ashes, ending with the line “hail and farewell.” He adapted Sappho 31 into his own fifty-first poem.
ANSWER: Catullus [or Gaius Valerius Catullus]
[10] This work reproduces Sappho 31, asking the reader “Are you not amazed at how she evokes soul, body, hearing, tongue, sight, skin?” and comparing it to Homer’s description of the “most savage aspects” of storms.
ANSWER: On the Sublime [or Peri hypsous] (by Longinus)
<RK, Poetry>
14. A composer once stated that “the sound of [these things] dominated all the cities of Russia I used to know… no composer could escape their influence.” For 10 points each:
[10] Name these objects that are also imitated by the soloist in the first eight bars of the Moderato first movement of a Russian composer’s C minor second piano concerto.
ANSWER: church bells
[10] That Piano Concerto No. 2 and a choral symphony titled “The Bells” were written by this composer, whose other work for piano and orchestra includes Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini.
ANSWER: Sergei Rachmaninoff [or Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninoff]
[10] Rachmaninoff’s Opus 3, No. 2 Prelude is nicknamed “The Bells of Moscow” for opening with these three descending notes spread across three octaves, with the last introducing the piece’s home key.
ANSWER: A, G-sharp, C-sharp [do not accept or prompt on out of order or partial answers]
<AK, Classical Music>
15. These features are hypothesized to deepen from elevated abrasion from rock avalanching. For 10 points each:
[10] Name these amphitheatre-shaped basins that form the head of alpine glaciers. Lakes called tarns often develop in these features after glaciation ends.
ANSWER: cirque [or corrie; or cwm]
[10] An alternative hypothesis describes how upslope water drainage causes variable water pressure, resulting in this weathering mechanism that is heightened in cirques. This process involves the removal of large rock masses from the bed.
ANSWER: plucking [or quarrying]
[10] The growth of ice lenses in the unglaciated region the between the glacier and one of these regions is responsible for rock supply upslope of the cirque. These regions are defined by the presence of permafrost but little permanent surface ice.
ANSWER: periglacials
<JN, Other Science (Earth)>
16. In Seeing Like a State, James Scott argues that the employment of this type of map contributed to a decline in traditional land tenure arrangements, which it was unable to capture. For 10 points each:
[10] Identify this type of map, which shows the locations of parcels of land, who owns them, and sometimes their value. Scott argues that these types of maps were used to help bring about a shift from communal to individual taxation.
ANSWER: cadastral maps [or cadasters; or cadastral surveys]
[10] As another example of seeing like a state, Scott cites the way in which the land of the Northwest Territory was divided into these administrative units, which were typically squares with six mile sides. This was done to make the land more easily sold as a commodity and taxed.
ANSWER: townships
[10] Scott discusses the management of these environments in Germany, which was also practiced by Gifford
ANSWER: forests [or rainforests or woods]
<MC, Geography>
17. Nora Ephron describes various urban myths and recalls receiving a book on frigidity before concluding “I think they are full of shit” in 1972’s “A Few Words About Breasts,” published in this magazine. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this magazine that pioneered New Journalism with the work of Gay
ANSWER: Esquire
[10] Esquire also ran Norman Mailer’s “Superman Comes to the Supermarket,” concerning this man’s presidential run. His assassination is the subject of Mailer’s later non-fiction book Oswald’s Tale.
ANSWER: John F. Kennedy [or John Fitzgerald Kennedy; or JFK]
[10] A man who excelled in this general activity was called “The Last American Hero” in a Tom Wolfe piece published in Esquire. The author of another essay instructs his English caricaturist to use Mace liberally while attending an event focused on this activity, which the author calls a “huge outdoor loony bin.”
ANSWER: racing [accept NASCAR racing or horse racing]
<RK, Misc Literature>
18. A political cartoon satirizing this entity depicts the president emptying a bag of coins into a hole. For 10 points each:
[10] Give this term for the Republican-controlled legislative entity that passed the McKinley Tariff, as well as another act giving pensions to those who served in the Civil War for at least ninety days. Democrats were prevented from using the disappearing quorum tactic to block debate in it by “Czar” Reed.
ANSWER: Billion Dollar Congress [or the 51st United States Congress]
[10] The Billion Dollar Congress was in session during the first half of this president’s term, a Republican who served in between Grover Cleveland’s non-consecutive terms.
ANSWER: Benjamin Harrison [prompt on Harrison]
[10] This Congressman tried to pass his namesake “force bill” during the Billion Dollar Congress that would have prevented the disenfranchisement of black voters, but the Senate failed to pass it. He later chaired the first committee that investigated war crimes in the Philippine-American war.
ANSWER: Henry Cabot Lodge, Sr. [accept Lodge Force Bill]
<IJ, American History>
19. A writer from this country borrowed
[10] Name this country where António Lobo Antunes worked as a doctor, inspiring his novels Fado Alexandrino and The Land at the End of the World. Its capital names José Luandino Vieira’s short story collection Luuanda.
ANSWER: Republic of Angola
[10] A psychiatrist returns to Lisbon from wartime Angola in Lobo Antunes’ debut novel, titled for this animal’s “memory.” A
ANSWER: elephant [or elefante]
[10] Angolan novelist José Eduardo Agualusa wrote this novel in which Ludo barricades herself in her apartment for three decades starting on the eve of Angolan independence, growing vegetables and trapping pigeons for food.
ANSWER: A General Theory of Oblivion [or Teoria Geral do Esquecimento]
<JN, Long Fiction>
20. This quantity can be determined by finding the indentation size created by square pyramid shaped diamonds. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this quantity that is approximately equal to 1.854 times the applied load over the indentation area. It is most commonly applied to metals and ceramics.
ANSWER: Vickers hardness [or HV; prompt on partial answer; prompt on “diamond pyramid (hardness)”]
[10] The impact resistance of a material is most commonly measured using two tests. In the first, the load is applied perpendicularly to a suspended sample, while in the second the sample is held vertically. Name either.
ANSWER:
[10] A third mechanical test pulls aparts the ends of a sample until failure to determine this quantity. This quantity is equal to stress over strain.
ANSWER: Young’s modulus [or elastic modulus]
<RD, Physics>