Cal’s Mid-Spring Tournament 2018
Written by members of the Berkeley Quizbowl Club, Weijia Cheng, Ryan Humphrey, Ike Jose, Eddie Kim, Will Nediger, and Jennie Yang
Edited by Weijia Cheng, Michael Coates, Aseem Keyal, Bruce Lou, Will Nediger, Ryan Humphrey, Eddie Kim, and Jennie Yang
Tossups
1. This leader was advised for nearly a decade by Rockwell International engineer Sam Pitroda, who was instrumental in his country’s Communication Revolution. Italian businessman Ottavio Quattrocchi acted as a middleman in a corruption scandal involving this leader. A rival party accused this leader of appeasement after he passed a law allowing alimony payments to be for only ninety days in the aftermath of the (*) Shah Bano court case involving a 62-year-old Muslim woman. This leader implicitly justified mob violence in 1984 in response to his predecessor’s death by saying “when a great tree falls, the earth shakes.” This man’s Italian-born wife later became president of the Congress Party after his assassination by an explosive-laden female suicide bomber in 1991 due to his intervention in the Sri Lankan Civil War. For 10 points, name this Indian prime minister, the son of Indira.
ANSWER: Rajiv Gandhi [prompt on R. Gandhi; prompt on Gandhi]
<BL, World History>
2. A Peter Brooks book named after this activity includes a detailed analysis of Freud’s “Wolf Man” case study. “Horizons of expectations” explain how this activity changes based on a person’s context according to a theory developed by Hans Robert Jauss (“yowss”). Louise Rosenblatt’s transactional theory of this activity distinguishes between the aesthetic and efferent stances. This action is done from a “wandering viewpoint” to create a “dynamic happening” according to (*) Wolfgang Iser. A controversial form of this process titles a 2013 book by the author of Graphs, Maps, Trees, Franco Moretti. The reception theory of this activity was developed by a member of a critical school named after the “response” of people engaging in this activity, a school which includes Stanley Fish. The New Criticism school advocated doing this “closely.” For 10 points, name this activity required to process works of literature.
ANSWER: reading [accept close reading, distant reading, or Reading for the Plot]
<RK, Misc Literature>
3. Groups such as Pohl et al have used pulsed laser spectroscopy of this effect in a nonstandard system to try to resolve the proton radius puzzle. This effect’s original derivation factored the logarithm of the maximum energy over the energy difference of two states out of sum of transition probabilities, and then replaced that sum with the nonzero probability of the wavefunction at the origin. Its magnitude depends on a function k that ranges between 12.7 and 13.2 when n is zero, and also depends on the fifth power of (*) fine structure constant. This effect’s magnitude scales with the negative third power of the principal quantum number, and it’s caused by vacuum polarization screening the proton’s charge and the electron’s anomalous magnetic moment. Its theoretical magnitude was first derived by Hans Bethe . This effect’s namesake and Robert Retherford measured a roughly 1 GHz deviation from the degeneracy predicted by the Dirac equation. For 10 points, name this radiative correction of the hydrogen atom, a small gap in the energy of the 2S-½ and 2P-½ orbitals.
ANSWER: Lamb shift
<AK, Physics>
4. Musicians often debate the D to D-flat change found in the C-minor turnaround at the end of one of this man’s standards, which titles a 2004 biography by Michelle Mercer. Drummer Brian Blade is part of this man’s current quartet, which covered his track “Orbits” on the 2013 album Without a Net, which got this man a Grammy. “Miracle of the Fishes” appears on a Brazil-inspired album he recorded with Milton Nascimento, Native Dancer. An album by this man echoes Sibelius’s Valse Triste with “Dance Cadaverous” and features a track inspired by his daughter Miyako, “Infant Eyes.” The signature track of a group led by this man, covered by Manhattan Transfer, opens with the Oberheim synthesizer before being interrupted by a riff from the electric bass. With (*) Herbie Hancock, this artist wrote the majority of tracks, including “Footprints,” “E.S.P.” and “Nefertiti,” for Miles Davis’s Second Great Quintet, after leaving Art Blakey’s Jazz Messengers. Jaco Pastorius was in a group founded by, for 10 points, what fusion tenor saxophonist behind the albums JuJu and Speak No Evil, who along with Joe Zawinul co-founded the band Weather Report?
ANSWER: Wayne Shorter
<RK, Other Art (Jazz)>
5. This man is the narrator of a pseudonymous story in which an old man debates St. Peter over the futility of prayer before this man and his brothers ultimately recognize the old man as their father. That romance narrated by this man also describes how Simon Magus proclaimed a woman named Luna or Helena to be Sophia incarnate, and exists in two versions as the Greek Homilies and the Latin Recognitions. This pope is credited with a namesake (*) epistle to the Church in Corinth in response to a dispute in which young men deposed established leaders; that epistle is possibly the earliest Christian text outside of the New Testament. This pope is the patron saint of mariners and is symbolized by an anchor, since he was supposedly martyred by being tied to one and thrown into the sea. For 10 points, name this fourth pope, who is considered to be the first of the Apostolic Fathers.
ANSWER: Clement I [or Clemens Romanus or Clement of Rome; accept Clementine Homilies, Clementine Recognitions, Clementine romance, or Clementine literature; do not accept “Clement of Alexandria”]
<WC, Religion>
6. One form of this technique is modeled by a two term equation with the non reversing kinetic component term usually written as a function f in terms of time and temperature. This technique can be used to measure the oxidation induction time of a sample. Lower baseline curvature in one form of this technique can be achieved by using helium as a purge gas. Simultaneous thermal analysis combines this technique with thermogravimetric analysis, or TGA. The apparatus for this technique typically contains a (*) constantan disc above two chromel discs connected by alumel wire. The two types of this technique, power compensation and heat flux, differ in whether they use a single heat source and thermocouple for the sample and reference pans. This technique’s output has linear regions showing the glass transition, is given as heat capacity versus temperature, and consists of curves with dips and peaks corresponding to crystallization and melting. For 10 points, name this technique that measures the change in enthalpy of polymers.
ANSWER: differential scanning calorimetry [or DSC; accept modulated differential scanning calorimetry; accept MDSC; prompt on calorimetry]
<AK, Chemistry>
7. This phenomenon results in the construction of an “imaginary audience” and a set of beliefs called a “personal fable” according to David Elkind, who wrote about this phenomenon in adolescents. A task testing for this phenomenon involves a doll placed on a model of three mountains. A type of speech named after this phenomenon is characterized by so-called “collective monologues.” A psychologist who theorized this phenomenon along with (*) Bärbel Inhelder argued that it was responsible for phenomena like “realism,” “artificialism,” and “animism.” The prevalence of this phenomenon in Piaget’s preoperational stage is illustrated by behaviors like a child assuming that an adult cannot see them if the child covers their own eyes. For 10 points, name this phenomenon in which children do not realize that other people might have different viewpoints than they do.
ANSWER: egocentrism [prompt on centration]
<WN, Social Science>
8. A hairdresser named Lenore Kwong accused this politician of sexual assault in a secret recording that was revealed in a 1992 campaign ad for Rick Reed. In a speech opposing the Vietnam War, this politician noted that his grandfather came to America “without shackles” in response to the question “Why can’t the Negro be like you?” This politician condemned the “shadowy government with its own Air Force, its own Navy… and free from the law itself” as chairman of the Senate Iran-Contra committee and delivered the keynote address at the 1968 DNC. While serving in the (*) 442nd Infantry Regiment, this man destroyed a German bunker with a grenade he pried from his mutilated right arm, which was later amputated. This politician succeeded Robert Byrd as President pro tempore as he was the most senior Democratic senator until his death in 2012. For 10 points, name this longtime Hawaiian senator, the first Japanese American in Congress.
ANSWER: Daniel Inouye [or Inoue Ken]
<EC, American History>
9. Richard Fletcher took a “horizontal” approach to analyzing this poem in a 1989 book about its “Quest.” This poem’s conventional division into three parts, the last of which is named after a “humiliation,” was established by a scholar who provided this poem’s modern title and went on a tour of its settings for his honeymoon. Robert Southey’s translation of this poem actually combines it with two separate chronicles. This poem’s protagonist disrespects a defeated opponent by yanking his beard, in reference to his oath to not trim his own long beard. This poem features a sword whose name means (*) “firebrand” which frightens unworthy opponents if wielded by a worthy fighter. Two noblemen marry the daughters of this poem’s protagonist, but beat them up and leave them tied to trees in a forest after being shamed for being afraid of a lion. This poem opens with its protagonist’s exile from Vivar by King Alfonso VI, and it inspired a later Pierre Corneille play. For 10 points, name this medieval Spanish epic set during the Reconquista about a warrior who slays many Moors.
ANSWER: The Poem of the Cid [or The Lay of El Cid or Cantar de Mio Cid or The Poem of El Cid or El Poema de Mio Cid or The Song of My Cid; do not accept or prompt on “Le Cid”] (The scholar is Ramón Menéndez Pidal.)
<RK, Poetry>
10. An analysis of over ten language families by Robert Blust found that nine of them originated from this island, which is cited in a Jared Diamond article discussing its “gift to the world.” Frequent unrest on this island led to the saying “An uprising every three years, a rebellion every five.” The Dapenkeng and Niaosung Cultures are indigenous to this island, but have been used by archaeologists to argue against the idea that Austronesians came “out of” it. The only one of the (*) Ten Great Campaigns to involve naval forces was a pacification of a revolt on this island. The friar Vittorio Riccio advised a seventeenth-century ruler of a kingdom on this island whose son captured the Dutch-held Fort Zeelandia. While based on this island, the Ming loyalist Koxinga fought the Qing Dynasty for control over coastal areas in Zhejiang and Fujian. The Portuguese gave it a name that means “beautiful island.” For 10 points, name this island, formerly known as Formosa.
ANSWER: Taiwan [accept Formosa until it is mentioned]
<IJ, World History>
11. In one of this author’s plays, a rehearsal of The Bride of Messina is interrupted by Spitta, whose Schiller-loving father-in-law compares him to an animal that “[gnaws] at the roots of the tree of idealism.” This author created the idealist Alfred Loth, who leaves Helene to raise a family free of alcoholism, leading Helene to commit suicide. This author used a local dialect for a comedy about a washerwoman who leads a gang of thieves and steals wood from Leontine’s employer (*) Krüger. This author, who wrote about Mrs. John in The Rats, included the sprites Rautendelein and Nickelmann in a play about Heinrich, who goes insane after dropping a perfectly-tuned instrument into a lake. A play by this author has no central hero, instead focusing on a group of Silesians led by the cruel Dreissiger. For 10 points, name this German naturalist playwright of The Beaver Coat and The Sunken Bell, who described a workers’ revolt in The Weavers.
ANSWER: Gerhart Hauptmann
<RK, Drama>
12. A depiction of one of these events opens with an abrupt transition from E minor to B-flat major and appears in Act Four of a Marin Marais (mah-RAN mah-RAY) opera. A berceuse for harp and harmonium lulls a character to sleep in a 34-piece collection titled for one of these events. The organ holds a low C C-sharp D tone cluster throughout a depiction of one of these events in a Verdi opera. The 3/8- time third movement of a piece named after one of these events begins with three measures of the sixteenth notes A, up to F, E, D in the right hand overlapping with ascending D minor arpeggios in the left hand; the first movement of that piano sonata opens with a (*) largo rolled A major triad. The opening scene of Otello depicts one of these events, which titles one of the last major works by Sibelius. An F minor fourth movement depicting one of these events is followed by an F major sonata rondo form “Shepherd’s Song” and interrupts a “Merry Gathering of Country Folk” in Beethoven’s Pastoral Symphony. For 10 points, the third movement of Vivaldi’s “Summer” depicts what weather event?
ANSWER: thunderstorms [or tempests, tempêtes, tempestas, The Tempest, L’Orage, Stormen, Der Sturm; prompt on rain, thunder, etc.]
<EC, Classical Music>
13. A legendary character in this region has as many noses as days remaining in the year, and children are told to search for him on December 31st not realizing that he has only one nose left. Festival-goers in this region often run alongside people holding pitchforks who throw fireworks into the crowd, a tradition which evolved from this region’s “devil’s dances”. This region’s namesake donkey is often used to symbolize its cultural value of seny, or level-headedness. Acrobats from this region wear a black sash called a (*) faixa, which acts as a foothold allowing them to build human towers up to ten stories high. A Christmas tradition in this region involves beating a log with a stick while commanding it to defecate gifts. The Three-Branched Pine is an important symbol for nationalists in this region, where fans created a flag called the senyera by forming yellow and red stripes in the Camp Nou to support their soccer team in a 2012 “El Clásico” game against Real Madrid. For 10 points, name this autonomous community in northeastern Spain that is home to FC Barcelona.
ANSWER: Catalonia [or Catalunya; or Catalonha; or Cataluña]
<EC, Geography>
14. A disorder associated with this condition is diagnosed using the sFlt-1 to PIGF ratio in a test developed by Elecsys. Villous tree development is promoted by specialized macrophages that proliferate during this condition called Hofbauer cells. Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count are characteristic of HELLP syndrome, which can occur in people with this condition. This condition causes an increase in the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio. Massive blood loss following this condition can cause necrosis of the pituitary gland in (*) Sheehan’s syndrome. The syncytiotrophoblast produces a hormone that maintains the corpus luteum during this condition; that hormone, hCG, is found in the urine of people with this condition and promotes the release of progesterone. Folic acid is administered to people with this condition to prevent neural tube defects. For 10 points, name this condition that is typically divided into three trimesters.
ANSWER: pregnancy [accept preeclampsia; prompt on giving birth or reproduction or similar answers]
<RD, Biology>
15. During this conflict, a mob burned the home of Giorgio Libri-Bargnano, a former conman who edited a reviled newspaper called The National. This conflict was sparked by signs reading “Monday, fireworks; Tuesday, illumination; Wednesday, revolution!” that were posted during a celebration of a king’s fifteenth regnal year. Louis de Potter led a provisional government during this conflict, which he had agitated for with pamphlets calling for the unity of Catholics and Liberals. The (*) London Conference during this conflict rejected Talleyrand’s plan to partition a country into a free state on the coast and three other regions. This uprising began when audience members, inspired by the July Revolution a month prior, took to the streets during a performance of The Mute Girl of Portici. Leopold I became king after, for 10 points, what 1830 uprising in which the southern half of the the Netherlands gained independence?
ANSWER: Belgian Revolution [or Belgian War of Independence; accept equivalents]
<EC, European History>
16. This concept is illustrated by a story in which a man drives a carriage into a ditch because he shivers so much from the reed coat he is wearing. A book named after this concept argues that the “beginning” of this concept is to “not presume to injure” our bodies, “to every hair and bit of skin.” That book is made up of eighteen short chapters, some of which are titled for this concept “in the common people” and “in the princes of states.” This concept was extended to apply to the “five (*) bonds,” a set of relationships including “friend to friend” and “husband to wife.” Books on this concept include a collection of twenty-four “exemplars” of this concept, as well as a “classic” of this concept framed as a dialogue between Zengzi and his teacher. The common charge during the Tang Dynasty that Buddhist beliefs undermined this concept was countered with stories like Mulian Rescues His Mother. For 10 points, name this Confucian virtue of respect for one’s parents.
ANSWER: filial piety [or xiao]
<WN, Philosophy>
17. In 2016, Faucher-Giguere et al. predicted that galactic winds caused the abundance of this element in distant quasar-mass halos. The effects of radiation damping can appear in certain systems where this element’s column density is greater than two times ten to the twenty atoms per square centimeter. Emission lines of this element were studied by the Murchison Widefield Array. While observing the quasar 4C 05.34 in 1970, Roger Lynds discovered a series of absorption lines named for a transition of this element. The presence of a (*) Gunn-Peterson trough in quasars of redshift greater than 6 provides evidence for the reionization of this element. The ratio of the mass of iron to the mass of this element defines metallicity. Regions named for an ionized form of this element are created from the formation of blue stars in giant molecular clouds. The spectrum of emission nebulae often contain this element’s “alpha” line at 6563 Angstroms, and hyperfine transitions produce its 21-centimeter emission line. For 10 points, name this element which makes up 75% of the baryonic mass of the universe.
ANSWER: hydrogen [accept H]
<PS, Other Science (Astronomy)>
18. This figure is depicted several times on a rune bearing an inscription that describes its creation as a “bridge” for the soul of Holmgeirr. In one story, he is put into a glass basket that falls into a river and is later found by a deer. His wife dreams about trying to catch a golden stag, which is interpreted as representing this figure’s short marriage. This figure, whose life is depicted on the Ramsund carving, fathers a daughter who is trampled to death by horses and avenged by her stepbrothers Hamdir and Sorli. This man gives (*) Andvaranaut to his first lover but later steals it back and gives it to his wife. He impersonates another man because his horse would not pass through a wall of flame with anyone else on it. This husband of Gudrun shatters all the swords made for him on an anvil until he is given his father’s repaired sword, Gram. He kills his foster father Regin after hearing warnings from birds because he tasted dragon’s blood, and helps Gunnar by saving Brynhildr from a ring of fire. For 10 points, name this hero who kills the dragon Fafnir in the Völsunga Saga.
ANSWER: Sigurd [accept Siegfried]
<JK, Legends>
19. This novel’s protagonist recalls how his friend shot himself in the head on the spot upon hearing a sermon praising war, which he uses to illustrate his belief that “it is important to die in holy places.” That sentiment is reflected in another character’s comfort in the fact that her father Patrick died in a dovecot. A man in this novel has a job in which he figures out what he calls the “joke” of certain devices, one of which kills his mentor Lord (*) Suffolk. A character in this novel is tortured by Ranuccio Tommasoni, who orders his thumbs cut off. This novel’s title character promises he will return to the Cave of Swimmers to his lover Katharine Clifton, to whom he lends his copy of Herodotus’s Histories. This novel’s main characters live in an abandoned villa, where the nurse Hana cares for the title character, who is badly burned following a plane crash in the desert. For 10 points, name this novel about the adventurer Almásy, written by Michael Ondaatje.
ANSWER: The English Patient
<JN, Long Fiction>
20. Édouard Manet and an artist from this country title a book by Geneviève Lacambre and Gary Tinterow. It’s not Italy, but an artist from this country led a group that supposedly monopolized commissions, called the Cabal of Naples. An artist from this country depicted seven men clad in white saying grace, unaware of St. Hugh entering the refectory. An artist from this country often used a window sill to frame his still lifes, which featured strings suspending fruits and vegetables. An artist from this country painted several “vaporous” depictions of the (*) Immaculate Conception that contrast with his genre paintings like Boys Eating Grapes and Melon. This country was home to an artist that depicted a saint clad entirely in white with his arms tied up in a sharply tenebrist martyrdom scene. Another artist from this country showed a man resting his hand on a large jug in his depiction of a waterseller, and also painted An Old Woman Frying Eggs. For 10 points, name this country of Francisco de Zurbarán, Bartolomé Murillo, and Diego Velázquez.
ANSWER: Kingdom of Spain [or Reino de España] (The book in the first line is Manet/Velázquez.)
<AK, Painting/Sculpture>
Bonuses
1. Allan Savory has controversially proposed to employ a “planned” version of this activity as the central component of his “holistic management” theory. For 10 points each:
[10] Identify this activity. Disputes over this activity involving the Tarok and Tiv peoples and another group have caused violent clashes in the states of Taraba and Benue, which led them both to ban it in 2017.
ANSWER: grazing animals [or herding cattle; do not accept “ranching”]
[10] The Tarok and Tiv have come into conflict with this pastoralist people, who have been migrating south due to drought in the Sahel, where they are one of the largest groups. This group got into a conflict with the neighboring Hausa people in the nineteenth century while being led by the Muslim cleric Usman dan Fodio.
ANSWER: Fulani people [or Fula people or Fulbe people]
[10] The conflict over grazing rights has brought chaos to this African country, where President Muhammadu Buhari has often been said to favor the Fulani because he is one. This has earned him the criticism of Wole Soyinka, an intellectual from this country who has accused the Fulani of grazing cattle in his yard.
ANSWER: Nigeria
<MC, Current Events>
2. A member of this religious movement believed that hell was “paved with the skulls of unbaptized children” and delivered a sermon warning of the dangers of hell by quoting the line “Their foot shall slide in due time.” For 10 points each:
[10] Name this religious movement partly led by Jonathan Edwards, who wrote the lurid sermon “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God.”
ANSWER: First Great Awakening
[10] This Methodist and other itinerant preacher delivered numerous sermons during the Great Awakening. Contemporary sources note that this cross-eyed member of the “Holy Club” could make listeners weep by merely saying the word “Mesopotamia” in a booming voice.
ANSWER: George Whitefield
[10] In 1740, the popularity of Whitefield’s sermons led Edmund Woolley to design a meetinghouse that was then the largest building in the colonies. The meetinghouse later became the nucleus of this institution, many of whose later buildings were designed by the Cope & Stewardson company.
ANSWER: University of Pennsylvania
<IJ, American History>
3. For the dihedral group D8 of the symmetries of a square acting on a squares vertices, this subgroup for a given vertex is defined as reflections about a line of symmetry through a given vertex. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this subgroup. For a group G acting on a set S and an element x in S, this subgroup is defined by every element little g in G such that little g acting on x equals x. Under those conditions, the order of G is equal to the order of the orbit of x, times the order of this subgroup of G with respect to x.
ANSWER: stabilizer
[10] For a group G acting on itself, the stabilizer of any element in G is just this element of the group, because the action of this element on another element x gives back x. In linear algebra, this term denotes a matrix with ones down the diagonal and zeros everywhere else.
ANSWER: identity
[10] Unlike stabilizers, these objects for a group G are the group action applied to an element of G and all the elements of a subgroup H. Two kinds of these objects are equivalent for a normal subgroup H, and their order defines the index of a subgroup.
ANSWER: cosets [accept left cosets or right cosets]
<AK, Math>
4. This leader’s policies, such as socialist land reform, led to an uprising in Herat against his rule. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this leader of the Khalqist faction of the Communist PDPA, who took power in the Saur Revolution. He was later executed when Hafizullah Amin took power.
ANSWER: Nur Muhammad Taraki
[10] Taraki served as president of this nation. After being overthrown by Amin, the Soviet Union launched an invasion of this nation that began with the storming of Tajbeg Palace.
ANSWER: Democratic Republic of Afghanistan [or Jumhūri-ye Dimukrātī-ye Afġānistān; or Dǝ Afġānistān Dimukratī Jumhūriyat]
[10] This national security advisor to Jimmy Carter was a strong proponent of Operation Cyclone, the program of arming the mujahideen to fight the invading Soviets in Afghanistan. When asked years later whether this was a mistake, he replied, “What is more important in world history? … Some agitated Muslims or the liberation of Central Europe and the end of the cold war?”
ANSWER: Zbigniew Brzezinski [or Zbigniew Kazimir Brzeziński]
<JS, World History>
5. This character’s motto, “It is good to be shifty in a new country,” justifies his antics while intruding on a camp meeting and taking a census. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this cruel and humorous frontiersman and “Captain” who exploits the inhabitants of Alabama in a number of stories written by Johnson Jones Hooper.
ANSWER: Simon Suggs [accept either underlined portion]
[10] Simon Suggs is considered one of these tricksters. A Herman Melville novel named after one of these people describes his antics aboard the Mississippi steamboat Fidèle.
ANSWER: confidence man [or con man]
[10] The Mississippi and Southern rascals are both omnipresent in the writings of this nineteenth-century American humorist, whose best known character tricks his friends into whitewashing a fence for him.
ANSWER: Mark Twain [or Samuel Langhorne Clemens]
<RK, Long Fiction>
6. Answer some questions about how charged particles move in electromagnetic fields. For 10 points each:
[10] This quantity for a charged particle in a constant magnetic field is equal to charge times B-field strength over 2 pi times mass, and describes its gyration around a guiding center.
ANSWER: cyclotron frequency [prompt on frequency]
[10] This force on a charged particle in a uniform electric and magnetic field is equal to charge times E-field plus charge times velocity cross the B-field.
ANSWER: Lorentz force
[10] The drift velocity of a charged particle in a nonuniform magnetic field that doesn’t vary with time consists of two components. One results from changing field strength and the other results from the bending of field lines. Name both.
ANSWER: grad B drift and curvature drift [or gradient drift and curvature drift]
<AK, Physics>
7. An extension of one of this philosopher’s ideas emphasizes the phrase “enough and as good” and requires that claiming property must not make others worse off. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this philosopher who is the namesake of a “proviso” discussed in Anarchy, State, and Utopia.
ANSWER: John Locke [accept Lockean proviso]
[10] This philosopher responded to John Rawls by considering the Lockean proviso and advocating a minimal state in his Anarchy, State, and Utopia.
ANSWER: Robert Nozick
[10] In Philosophical Explanations, Nozick considers Locke’s example of the prince and the cobbler from An Essay Concerning Human Understanding to formulate a theory of identity based on which person has this role.
ANSWER: closest continuer [accept anything with the words close and continue in it]
<AK, Philosophy>
8. A collection set in this region contains a story in which a man uses the last vestiges of his golden brain to purchase blue satin shoes for his dead wife. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this setting of Letters from My Windmill. The title character flees from home and prays to the saints for her parents to accept her love for the poor basketmaker Vincent in the poem Mirèio by a poet from this region.
ANSWER: Provence
[10] This Provençal poet wrote Mirèio in the Occitan language. The Chilean poet of Sonnets of Death took part of her pseudonym from this poet’s surname.
ANSWER: Frédéric Mistral
[10] Mistral wrote a work of this type called Lou Tresor dóu Felibrige partially in French which remains in popular use. Gustave Flaubert wrote a work of this type satirizing “received ideas.”
ANSWER: dictionary [or dictionnaire]
<JN, Poetry>
9. A high concentration of malonyl-CoA inhibits the addition of this molecule, which has a quaternary ammonium ion beta to its hydroxyl group. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this molecule that is added and removed from fatty acids through its palmitoyl-transferases I and II, which are located on different sides of the mitochondrial membrane.
ANSWER: carnitine [or carnitine palmitoyltransferase I or II]
[10] The carnitine shuttle transports fatty acids into the mitochondria for use in beta-oxidation, the process of producing this molecule by breaking down fatty acids. It is produced from pyruvate by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
ANSWER: acetyl CoA
[10] This isozyme of acyl-CoA dehydrogenase acts on fatty acids of lengths 4 to 14 carbons. The most common disruption of fatty acid oxidation is a mutation of the gene encoding this enzyme, which results in hypoglycemia and liver dysfunction during fasting.
ANSWER: medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase [or MCAD]
<AK, Biology>
10. Arnaldo Momigliano argues that this writer’s extensive use of documents inaugurated a new type of historiography. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this fourth-century Christian writer who used documents from the Library of Caesarea to trace the development of early Christianity in his Church History. He is also known for writing an extremely favorable biography of Constantine the Great.
ANSWER: Eusebius of Caesarea
[10] According to Momigliano, Eusebius’s use of documents differentiates his work from that of this other writer, who frequently invented speeches and used his own experiences and discussions with witnesses to write about events like the Funeral Oration and conquest of Melos.
ANSWER: Thucydides
[10] Momigliano also argues that Eusebius treated Christians as a nation, an idea which became increasingly popular during the period denoted by this two-word term. It is commonly used to denote the period of cultural transition which bridges the classical and medieval European worlds, and was popularized by Peter Brown in his 1971 book on “The World of” this era, which covers 150 to 750 AD.
ANSWER: late antiquity [or late antique period; accept The World of Late Antiquity]
<MC, Other History>
11. This poet is invoked in the opening line of Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this ancient Greek author who pioneered bucolic poetry with his Idylls.
ANSWER: Theocritus
[10] This Latin author used Theocritus’ Idylls as the model for his first major work, the Eclogues, which are sometimes called the Bucolics. He followed the Eclogues up with a four-book poem on agriculture, the Georgics.
ANSWER: Publius Vergilius Maro [or Virgil]
[10] The contest between Damoetas and Menalcas in the third Eclogue was inspired by the so-called “amoebaean” form of this activity, which was a common subject for Theocritus.
ANSWER: singing
<RK, Misc Literature>
12. Answer some questions about artists who were inspired by Piet Mondrian, for 10 points each:
[10] Upon coming to Paris, this photographer captured Mondrian’s Glasses and Pipe framed by a lozenge-like white table. He also captured a snowy Washington Square Park from his apartment during his later career in New York, but is better known for his Distortion series and a photo of a fork resting on a plate.
ANSWER: André Kertész
[10] Yves Saint-Laurent’s Mondrian Collection was a series of flat, minimalist examples of these fashion items. Coco Chanel pioneered the “little black” one, which was given a cinched waist and full skirt in Christian Dior’s New Look.
ANSWER: cocktail dresses [or little black dress]
[10] This Minimalist American sculptor began his “barriers” series with an installation consisting of two crisscrossing railings made of fluorescent tubelights titled greens crossing greens and subtitled To Piet Mondrian who lacked green.
ANSWER: Dan Flavin
<AK, Other Art (Misc)>
13. Kenneth Hagin’s Word of Faith movement spreads its teachings through this medium via the Trinity Broadcasting Network. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this medium utilized by Pat Robertson through his show The 700 Club. Oral Roberts once told his audience on this medium that unless he raised eight million dollars, God would “call me home.”
ANSWER: television [or TV or telly; accept televangelist or televangelism]
[10] The spread of Pentecostalism in this country has been facilitated by Edir Macedo’s purchase of this country’s RecordTV network in 1989. In this country, Macedo founded the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God.
ANSWER: Federative Republic of Brazil [or República Federativa do Brasil]
[10] For more than thirty years, this televangelist broadcasted the Hour of Power from the megachurch he founded in Garden Grove, California, the Crystal Cathedral.
ANSWER: Robert Schuller
<WC, Religion>
14. A farmer from this region named Gordias tied the Gordian Knot to an ox-cart dedicated to this region’s god Sabazios, who became identified with Zeus. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this region ruled by King Midas. In this region, Midas supposedly introduced the worship of a goddess often conflated with Rhea who was worshipped in Roman times by self-castrating priests called the Galli.
ANSWER: Phrygia [prompt on Anatolia or Turkey or Asia Minor]
[10] In Rome, the goddess Cybele was named in reference to her role as a goddess with this familial relation. Cybele may have been based on an Anatolian goddess who took this familial role in Çatalhöyük, and goddesses in this familial role often represented nature and fertility.
ANSWER: mother goddess
[10] During the introduction of Cybele to Rome, this Roman towed a ship that had been stuck on sandbar to shore and became the center of a Roman cult. She was honored as the most virtuous Roman woman along with Scipio Nasica, the best man.
ANSWER: Claudia Quinta [or Claudia Quintas]
<JX, Legends>
15. Answer the following about some controversial laureates of the Nobel Prize in Economics, for 10 points each:
[10] Many people protested Milton Friedman’s Nobel victory because of his relationship to this group of Chilean economists, many of whom were given positions in Augusto Pinochet’s government.
ANSWER: Chicago Boys
[10] When this Israeli-American economist shared a Nobel with Thomas Schelling, his detractors argued that he used game theory to prop up his pro-Israel political stances.
ANSWER: Robert Aumann [or Robert John Aumann; or Yisrael Aumann]
[10] According to the biography A Beautiful Mind, the controversy arising from this mentally ill and allegedly anti-Semitic man winning the prize led the Nobel committee to overhaul the selection process.
ANSWER: John Nash [or John Forbes Nash, Jr.]
<WN, Social Science>
16. The alpha types of these compounds can be synthesized by the addition of a namesake succinimide compound to an alkyne after hydrometalation. For 10 points each:
[10] Name these compounds can be synthesized from hydrazones by the addition of a guanidine base in the Barton synthesis. These compounds react faster than similar chlorine and and bromine based compounds in cross-coupling reactions.
ANSWER: vinyl iodides [or iodoalkenes]
[10] Hydrazones are formed in the first step of this reaction, in which the addition of a base, hydrazine, and heat to a carbonyl produces an alkane.
ANSWER: Wolff-Kishner reaction [or Wolff-Kishner reduction]
[10] The Wolff-Kishner reaction also produces this diatomic gas, which is removed from the diimide intermediate to form a carbanion. The copper(I)-catalyzed production of aryl radicals in the Sandmeyer reaction also releases this gas.
ANSWER: nitrogen gas [or N2]
<RD, Chemistry>
17. A description of this character fleeing the Milanese revolt with a Roman girl who sings the “Canto dei Malfattori” is interrupted with the command “Write anything. Truth or untruth, it is unimportant.” For 10 points each:
[10] Name this son of an Italian merchant, a modern-day Don Juan whose sexual encounters across Europe coincide with historic events like the Boer War, Jorge Chávez’s flight over the Alps, and World War I.
ANSWER: G.
[10] John Berger’s G. was awarded this international literary prize, whose historic funding by Caribbean exploitation led him to donate half his winnings to the Black Panthers. It recently removed its Commonwealth citizenship requirement, allowing George Saunders’ Lincoln in the Bardo to win in 2017.
ANSWER: Man Booker Prize [do not accept “Man Booker International Prize”]
[10] In Berger’s first novel, a Hungarian man with this profession named Janos Lavin disappears. Berger himself analyzed these people’s creations in a seminal BBC mini-series made in response to Kenneth Clark’s Civilisation.
ANSWER: painters [accept A Painter of our Time]
<RK, Long Fiction>
18. This man was appointed to his highest position after the death of his predecessor Fritz Todt, shortly before Hermann Göring arrived to claim that position. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this Nazi Minister for Armaments. Although he claimed ignorance of the Final Solution, he may have been present at the Posen Conference, where Himmler seemed to address him during a speech explicitly describing it.
ANSWER: Albert Speer [or Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer]
[10] In the war crimes trials held in this city, Speer was sentenced to twenty years at Spandau for his use of slave labor in factories. Before the war, he arranged 152 anti-aircraft searchlights to form a “cathedral of light” in this city.
ANSWER: Nuremberg [or Nürnberg]
[10] Shortly after the end of the war, the US Strategic Bombing Survey found Speer in this northern German city and interviewed him on the effects of Allied bombing on German industry. Speer was soon arrested in this city along with Karl Dönitz and Alfred Jodl, who formed the last Nazi government here.
ANSWER: Flensburg
<JK, European History>
19. Jean-Philippe Rameau’s Suite in A minor features a concluding one of these dances that is followed by six “doubles” or variations. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this dance that was often used as a galanterie, or optional movement, between the sarabande and gigue. They usually began on the third beat of a measure.
ANSWER: gavottes [or gavot; or gavote; or gavotta]
[10] Another dance used as a galanterie was this ¾ time dance, examples of which include a Bach piece in G and one by Boccherini. During the Classical period, a form of this dance with a middle trio section was widely used for the third movements of symphonies.
ANSWER: minuet [or minuet and trio; or menuet; or minuetto]
[10] Often performed with gavottes, these pastoral dances are named for the French bagpipe, as they featured a constant pedal drone. One of these dances is the central movement of Handel’s sixth concerto grosso in his Opus 6.
ANSWER: musettes [accept musette de cour]
<AK, Classical Music>
20. Tom Wolfe mockingly described how this man would give his students pieces of newspaper to create art, leave the room for an hour, only to come back to praise a simple tent over Gothic castles for using “the soul of paper.” For 10 points each:
[10] Name this artist who wrote a textbook on color while at Yale in 1963. During that time, this artist created a series of geometric white on black wireframe engravings known as Structural Constellations.
ANSWER: Josef Albers
[10] Albers led the aforementioned paper exercise while teaching the introductory Vorkurs at this German art school founded by Walter Gropius. He also met his wife, the textile artist Anni Albers, in this institution’s glass workshop.
ANSWER: the Bauhaus [or Staatliches Bauhaus] (The Wolfe book is called From Bauhaus to Our House.)
[10] After the Nazis shut down the Bauhaus in 1933, Philip Johnson got Josef and Anni Albers positions in the painting program of this school. Throughout their time at this North Carolina art school, they repeatedly took trips to Mexico to study pre-Columbian art, inspiring Albers’s series Homage to the Square.
ANSWER: Black Mountain College
<AK, Painting/Sculpture>