Study Guide for Exam #1 on Philosophy of Religion
Tuesday, March 27

You will need only:

The exam will contain 2-3 essay questions and 5-10 short answer questions.
The exam will count for 30% of your grade in the course.

The short answer questions will be taken from the reading questions and/or the lecture on the Validity and Soundness of Deductive Arguments. A complete answer will normally be possible in a few sentences.

The essay questions will be selected from the following sample questions below. A complete answer will normally be possible in 1 1/2 to 3 pages, depending on handwriting.

1. Suppose the Big Bang Theory is true and the known universe is, at least in part, the result of an extremely powerful explosion in the distant past. How might this help the defender of the Cosmological Argument? How might the opponent of the Cosmological Argument respond?

2.Explain why, according to Rowe, the soundness of the Cosmological Argument depends upon the Principle of Sufficient Reason (PSR). Is a person justified in believing PSR? Why or why not?

3. Suppose Charles Darwin's theory of evolution is true and the known universe has over a long period of time undergone a purely natural process of evolution to exhibit the complexity and order that it presently exhibits. How might this help the opponent of the Teleological Argument? How might the defender of the Teleological Argument respond?

4. State the Teleological Argument. Describe the best three of Philo's complaints about the Teleological Argument and then explain how Paley (or Cleanthes) should reply to each.

5. State Anselm's Ontological argument. Explain Gaunilo's and Kant's criticisms. Explain the best responses for Anselm to each.

6. State the problem of evil and any additional premises needed to get a contradiction. Explain what is, in your opinion, the best solution to the problem for the theist. What objections could be made to this solution?

How to write a good essay:
Respond to each part of the prompt.
Don't get off the topic. Stay focused on what the prompt actually asks.
Define any specialized terms that you use.
Explain. Explain. Explain.
Don't assume that I know anything about the topic. Write as if your audience were a friend not in the class.
When responding to objections make sure those responses address the objections and are not just restatements of the original position.
Don't give unsupported opinions. Always give reasons.
It would be highly unusual for only 1 page to completely answer the questions in the prompt and also highly unusual for more than 3 pages to be necessary for a complete answer. Cover each part that is necessary and nothing that is off topic and you will be fine.
Proof-read for spelling and grammatical mistakes.